Harokopio University, Athens, GREECE.
University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2024 Jun 1;56(6):1134-1139. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003385. Epub 2024 Jan 10.
Studies have shown an inverse association between the risk of breast cancer in women and physical activity. However, information on the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) assessed objectively by a standardized test and the risk of developing breast cancer is limited.
To examine the CRF-breast cancer risk association in healthy females.
This retrospective study was derived from the Exercise Testing and Health Outcomes Study cohort ( n = 750,302). Female participants ( n = 44,463; mean age ± SD; 55.1 ± 8.9 yr) who completed an exercise treadmill test evaluation (Bruce protocol) at the Veterans Affairs Medical Centers nationwide from 1999 to 2020 were studied. The cohort was stratified into four age-specific CRF categories (Least-fit, Low-fit, Moderate-fit, and Fit), based on the peak METs achieved during the exercise treadmill test.
During 438,613 person-years of observation, 994 women developed breast cancer. After controlling for covariates, the risk of breast cancer was inversely related to exercise capacity. For each 1-MET increase in CRF, the risk of cancer was 7% lower (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.90-0.95; P < 0.001). When risk was assessed across CRF categories with the Least-fit group as the referent, the risk was 18% lower for Low-fit women (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.70-0.96; P = 0.013), 31% for Moderate-fit (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.58-0.82; P < 0.001), and 40% for Fit (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.47-0.75; P < 0.001).
We observed an inverse and graded association between CRF and breast cancer risk in women. Thus, encouraging women to improve CRF may help attenuate the risk of developing breast cancer.
研究表明，女性乳腺癌风险与身体活动呈负相关。然而，关于通过标准化测试客观评估的心肺适能（CRF）与乳腺癌发病风险之间的关系的信息有限。
检查健康女性中 CRF 与乳腺癌风险的关联。
本回顾性研究源自运动测试与健康结局研究队列（n=750302）。1999 年至 2020 年期间，全国退伍军人事务部医疗中心完成运动平板测试评估（Bruce 方案）的女性参与者（n=44463；平均年龄±标准差；55.1±8.9 岁）被纳入研究。该队列根据运动平板测试中达到的峰值 METs 分为四个年龄特定的 CRF 类别（最不适合、低适合、中等适合和适合）。
在 438613 人年的观察期间，994 名女性发生乳腺癌。在控制了混杂因素后，乳腺癌风险与运动能力呈负相关。CRF 每增加 1 MET，癌症风险降低 7%（HR，0.93；95%CI，0.90-0.95；P<0.001）。当按 CRF 类别评估风险时，以最不适合的组为参考，低适合的女性风险降低 18%（HR，0.82；95%CI，0.70-0.96；P=0.013），中等适合的女性风险降低 31%（HR，0.69；95%CI，0.58-0.82；P<0.001），适合的女性风险降低 40%（HR，0.60；95%CI，0.47-0.75；P<0.001）。
我们观察到女性 CRF 与乳腺癌风险之间呈负相关和分级关联。因此，鼓励女性提高 CRF 可能有助于降低患乳腺癌的风险。
