Lagrew Mollie, Perryman Kelly L, Walker Addie, Hahn Paulette
Ophthalmology, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
Internal Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
Cureus. 2023 Dec 10;15(12):e50277. doi: 10.7759/cureus.50277. eCollection 2023 Dec.
A woman in her 40s presented to the emergency department with a diffuse rash consistent with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). There was no identifiable inciting factor. However, she was newly diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) during that same hospital admission. The leading theory for why she developed SJS given her lack of classic precipitating factors is an immune dysregulation as a result of HIV. Most cases of SJS/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) in patients with HIV are related to highly active antiretroviral therapy and prophylaxis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. There is a lack of literature regarding SJS as the initial presentation of HIV without known underlying etiology or inciting factors.
一名40多岁的女性因弥漫性皮疹前往急诊科就诊，该皮疹符合史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征（SJS）。未发现明确的诱发因素。然而，她在同一次住院期间被新诊断出感染了人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）。鉴于她缺乏典型的诱发因素却患上了SJS，目前的主要理论是HIV导致的免疫失调。HIV患者中大多数SJS/中毒性表皮坏死松解症（TEN）病例与高效抗逆转录病毒治疗以及使用甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑进行预防有关。关于无已知潜在病因或诱发因素的HIV患者以SJS作为首发表现的文献较少。
