Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
Nutritional Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil.
Biometals. 2024 Apr;37(2):527-537. doi: 10.1007/s10534-023-00568-9. Epub 2024 Jan 10.
The circulating micronutrient pattern in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may impact glycemic control and insulin resistance; however, there is a scarcity of studies that have evaluated the circulating micronutrient pattern in the T2DM population. Therefore, our objective was to identify circulating micronutrient pattern and their association with markers of glycemic control and insulin resistance in individuals with T2DM. We developed a cross-sectional observational study involving adults with T2DM in Sergipe, Brazil. We assessed plasma levels of magnesium, zinc, calcium, potassium, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Additionally, also measured fasting glucose levels, the percentage of glycated hemoglobin (%HbA1c), and calculated the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Patterns of body reserve were established using principal component analysis and categorized into quartiles. Binary logistic regression models were employed. We evaluated 114 individuals (63.7% women), with a median age and body mass index of 49 years and 29.6 kg/m², respectively. Two circulating micronutrient patterns were identified, explaining 62.5% of the variance: Pattern 1 (positive contributions from magnesium, zinc, calcium, and potassium) and Pattern 2 (positive contributions from 25-hydroxyvitamin D and zinc, with a negative contribution from potassium). Lowest quartile for Pattern 1 and Pattern 2 exhibiting a 4.32-fold (p = 0.019) and 3.97-fold (p = 0.038) higher likelihood of increasing HOMA-IR and %HbA1c values, respectively, compared to the larger quartiles. However, no associations were found between these patterns and fasting glucose values. Lowest quartile for both patterns of micronutrients was associated with inadequate metabolic control in individuals with T2DM.
2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的循环微量营养素模式可能会影响血糖控制和胰岛素抵抗；然而，评估 T2DM 人群循环微量营养素模式的研究很少。因此，我们的目的是确定循环微量营养素模式及其与 T2DM 个体血糖控制和胰岛素抵抗标志物的关系。我们在巴西塞尔希培开展了一项横断面观察性研究，纳入了 T2DM 成年人。我们评估了血浆镁、锌、钙、钾和血清 25-羟维生素 D 水平。此外，还测量了空腹血糖水平、糖化血红蛋白（%HbA1c）的百分比，并计算了胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）。使用主成分分析建立了身体储备模式，并将其分为四分位数。采用二元逻辑回归模型进行分析。我们评估了 114 名个体（63.7%为女性），中位年龄和体重指数分别为 49 岁和 29.6kg/m²。确定了两种循环微量营养素模式，解释了 62.5%的方差：模式 1（镁、锌、钙和钾呈正贡献）和模式 2（25-羟维生素 D 和锌呈正贡献，钾呈负贡献）。与较大四分位数相比，模式 1 和模式 2 的最低四分位数分别使 HOMA-IR 和%HbA1c 值增加的可能性增加了 4.32 倍（p=0.019）和 3.97 倍（p=0.038）。然而，这些模式与空腹血糖值之间没有关联。与较大四分位数相比，两种模式的微量营养素最低四分位数均与 T2DM 个体的代谢控制不充分相关。
