Silva Larissa Caetano, Nakano Eduardo Yoshio, Zandonadi Renata Puppin
Faculty of Health Sciences, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
Statistics Department, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil.
Nutrition. 2024 Mar;119:112326. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112326. Epub 2023 Dec 12.
Eating competence is an intraindividual approach to eating, behaviors, and attitudes related to eating, with repercussions on the individual and family. In pediatric celiac disease, the family is involved in the gluten-free diet management, the only treatment available. A gluten-free diet might affect eating competence because gluten-free diet compliance requires knowledge about food, meal planning, and attention to food choices. The objective is to access eating competence in caregivers of children with celiac disease and the association between caregivers' eating competence, children's adherence to a gluten-free diet, and sociodemographic data of participants.
This cross-sectional study used a snowball spread method by applying a questionnaire, including sociodemographic data, data related to health, eating habits, and the Satter Eating Competence Inventory version validated for the Brazilian population. The sample consisted of 220 Brazilian parents or caregivers of celiac disease children. The scores of the Satter Eating Competence Inventory version validated for the Brazilian population were described in terms of means, SDs, medians, and interquartile range. Student's t test and analysis of variance followed by Tukey's post hoc tests were applied, and the association with the variables of interest was analyzed using Pearson χ tests. The tests were conducted considering bilateral hypotheses and a 5% significance level.
Participants' sex, schooling level, and income did not affect their eating competence. Competent eaters were mostly those with normal weight, following a gluten-free diet, with children complying with a gluten-free diet, and who have meals with family and prepare them at home. Different from vegetable consumption, participants' eating competence did not differ considering the frequency of children's fruit consumption.
The caregivers of children with celiac disease have greater eating competence scores than general Brazilian adults, and caregivers of children with celiac disease who comply with the gluten-free diet have higher eating competence scores.
饮食能力是一种针对饮食、与饮食相关的行为和态度的个体内部研究方法，会对个人和家庭产生影响。在小儿乳糜泻中，家庭参与无麸质饮食管理，这是唯一可用的治疗方法。无麸质饮食可能会影响饮食能力，因为遵循无麸质饮食需要有关食物的知识、膳食计划以及对食物选择的关注。目的是了解乳糜泻患儿照料者的饮食能力，以及照料者的饮食能力、儿童对无麸质饮食的依从性和参与者的社会人口学数据之间的关联。
本横断面研究采用滚雪球抽样法，应用一份问卷，包括社会人口学数据、与健康、饮食习惯相关的数据，以及针对巴西人群验证的萨特饮食能力量表版本。样本包括220名巴西乳糜泻患儿的父母或照料者。针对巴西人群验证的萨特饮食能力量表版本的得分用均值、标准差、中位数和四分位间距来描述。应用学生t检验和方差分析，随后进行Tukey事后检验，并使用Pearson χ检验分析与感兴趣变量的关联。检验是在双侧假设和5%显著性水平下进行的。
参与者的性别、受教育程度和收入并未影响他们的饮食能力。饮食能力较强的大多是体重正常、遵循无麸质饮食、孩子也遵循无麸质饮食、与家人一起用餐并在家中准备饭菜的人。与蔬菜消费情况不同，考虑到儿童水果消费频率，参与者的饮食能力没有差异。
乳糜泻患儿的照料者的饮食能力得分高于一般巴西成年人，并且遵循无麸质饮食的乳糜泻患儿照料者的饮食能力得分更高。
