Noritake Kento, Fujii Keisuke, Kubo Yuta, Yorozuya Kyosuke, Hayashi Takahiro, Goto Fumihiko, Watanabe Hidehiro, Yoshida Akihiro, Tsubouchi Yoshihito, Nakashima Daiki
Faculty of Health Sciences, Nihon Fukushi University, Handa, Japan.
Faculty of Health Science, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Japan.
Nutrition. 2024 Mar;119:112321. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112321. Epub 2023 Dec 4.
The aim of this study was to investigate the stronger correlate of appetite-family or friend networks-in community-dwelling older adults, given that undernutrition can impair physical function, increase mortality, and be influenced by social networks.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kasugai City, Aichi Prefecture, and Nara City, Nara Prefecture, Japan, between August 2019 and March 2023. The analysis included 119 participants (women: 79%, mean age: 76.5 ± 5.6 y). A multiple regression analysis was performed, using the scores from the Japanese version of the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ-J) as the dependent variable and family network and friend network as the independent variables. The analysis included social participation, living alone status, sex, age, body mass index, skeletal muscle mass index, grip strength, walking speed, and the Japanese version of the 15 Geriatric Depression Scale score as covariates to examine their relationship with appetite.
The mean value of the SNAQ-J score of the participants was 15.4 ± 1.2. Seven participants (6%) had a loss of appetite. Family network was significantly associated with appetite (B = 0.121, β = 0.266, P <0.05; 95% condidence interval [CI], 0.030-0.212). In the single regression analysis, the friend network was significantly associated with the total score of the SNAQ-J (B = 0.115, P <0.001; 95% CI, 0.052-0.177); however, this association was not observed in the multiple regression analysis (B = 0.002, β = 0.006, P = 0.954; 95% CI, -0.074-0.078).
Appetite was associated with family networks. Among social networks, focusing on family networks may help prevent the loss of appetite in older adults in Japan.
鉴于营养不良会损害身体功能、增加死亡率且受社交网络影响，本研究旨在调查食欲在社区居住的老年人中更强的关联因素——家庭或朋友网络。
2019年8月至2023年3月在日本爱知县春日市和奈良县奈良市进行了一项横断面研究。分析纳入了119名参与者（女性：79%，平均年龄：76.5±5.6岁）。以日本版简化营养食欲问卷（SNAQ-J）的得分作为因变量，家庭网络和朋友网络作为自变量进行多元回归分析。分析纳入社会参与、独居状况、性别、年龄、体重指数、骨骼肌质量指数、握力、步行速度以及日本版15项老年抑郁量表得分作为协变量，以检验它们与食欲的关系。
参与者的SNAQ-J得分平均值为15.4±1.2。7名参与者（6%）食欲不振。家庭网络与食欲显著相关（B = 0.121，β = 0.266，P <0.05；95%置信区间[CI]，0.030 - 0.212）。在单因素回归分析中，朋友网络与SNAQ-J总分显著相关（B = 0.115，P <0.001；95% CI，0.052 - 0.177）；然而，在多元回归分析中未观察到这种关联（B = 0.002，β = 0.006，P = 0.954；95% CI，-0.074 - 0.078）。
食欲与家庭网络相关。在社交网络中，关注家庭网络可能有助于预防日本老年人食欲不振。
