Frey D, Stahlberg D, Fries A
J Pers. 1986 Dec;54(4):694-703. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-6494.1986.tb00420.x.
The present paper reports an experiment in which subjects received fictitious intelligence test feedback that was either negatively or positively discrepant with their self-evaluation. They were then given an opportunity to choose among several articles containing information that either derogated intelligence tests (test-disparaging information) or argued for their validity (test-supporting information). The main finding of this study consists of an interaction between the personality factor anxiety and the feedback variable: High-anxiety subjects prefer test-disparaging information significantly more in the negative feedback condition than in the positive feedback condition, whereas low-anxiety subjects show no difference in preference for test-related information as a function of the feedback condition. These results are in line with past theoretical reasoning and experimental findings showing that high-anxiety subjects feel more threatened by negative self-relevant feedback than do low-anxiety subjects.
本文报告了一项实验，在该实验中，受试者收到了与他们的自我评价存在负面或正面差异的虚假智力测试反馈。然后，他们有机会在几篇文章中进行选择，这些文章要么贬低智力测试（贬低测试的信息），要么论证其有效性（支持测试的信息）。这项研究的主要发现包括人格因素焦虑和反馈变量之间的一种交互作用：高焦虑受试者在负面反馈条件下比在正面反馈条件下明显更倾向于贬低测试的信息，而低焦虑受试者对与测试相关信息的偏好并未因反馈条件而表现出差异。这些结果与过去的理论推理和实验结果一致，表明高焦虑受试者比低焦虑受试者更容易受到与自我相关的负面反馈的威胁。
