School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Carrington Hall, 120 N. Medical Dr., Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 450 West Dr., Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
Nutrients. 2023 Dec 23;16(1):56. doi: 10.3390/nu16010056.
Family or caregiver engagement has the potential to support healthy dietary changes among cancer survivors. However, little is known about these family- or caregiver-involved dietary interventions and their effects. This systematic review aimed to identify the behavior change techniques (BCTs) used in dietary interventions for cancer survivors and their families or caregivers and to synthesize intervention effects on dietary and health outcomes. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted systematic searches in three databases and identified 12 trials (16 peer-reviewed manuscripts) for inclusion in this review. Data were extracted from these manuscripts and the BCT taxonomy was used to identify the BCTs. A total of 38 BCTs were identified from 12 trials, 13 of which were used in at least half of the 12 trials. Ten studies reported significant intervention effects on health outcomes (e.g., adiposity) and six suggested significant improvements in dietary behaviors (e.g., fruit and vegetable intake). Overall, this review found that family- or caregiver-involved interventions for cancer survivors significantly improved dietary and health outcomes. Future research should identify BCTs particularly for dietary changes and develop effective dyadic strategies to facilitate diet-related interactions between survivors and their families or caregivers to enhance their engagement in healthy diets.
家庭或照顾者的参与有可能支持癌症幸存者健康饮食的改变。然而，对于这些涉及家庭或照顾者的饮食干预措施及其效果知之甚少。本系统评价旨在确定用于癌症幸存者及其家庭或照顾者的饮食干预措施中使用的行为改变技术（BCT），并综合干预措施对饮食和健康结果的影响。我们按照 PRISMA 指南，在三个数据库中进行了系统搜索，确定了 12 项试验（16 篇同行评审手稿）纳入本综述。从这些手稿中提取数据，并使用 BCT 分类法来确定 BCT。从 12 项试验中确定了 38 项 BCT，其中 13 项至少在 12 项试验的一半中使用。10 项研究报告了健康结果（如肥胖）的干预效果显著，6 项研究表明饮食行为有显著改善（如水果和蔬菜摄入量）。总体而言，本综述发现，针对癌症幸存者的家庭或照顾者参与的干预措施显著改善了饮食和健康结果。未来的研究应确定特别针对饮食变化的 BCT，并制定有效的二元策略，促进幸存者及其家庭或照顾者之间与饮食相关的互动，以增强他们对健康饮食的参与。
