Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 251 Str. Pomorska, 92-213 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Oncobiology and Epigenetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jan 1;25(1):562. doi: 10.3390/ijms25010562.
Thyroid carcinoma is the primary endocrine malignancy worldwide. The preoperative examination of thyroid tissue lesion is often unclear. Approximately 25% of thyroid cancers cannot be diagnosed definitively without post-surgery histopathological examination. The assessment of diagnostic and differential markers of thyroid cancers is needed to improve preoperative diagnosis and reduce unnecessary treatments. Here, we assessed the expression of , , and genes, and the presence of V600E point mutation in benign and malignant thyroid lesions in a Polish cohort (120 patients). We have also performed a comparative analysis of gene expression using data obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (307 samples). The expression of and was decreased, whereas 's was increased in pathologically changed thyroid compared with normal thyroid tissue, and significantly correlated with e.g., histopathological type of lesion papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) vs follicular thyroid cancer (FTC), patient's age, tumour stage, or its encapsulation. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for the more aggressive FTC subtype differential marker suggests value in estimating and expression, with their area under curve (AUC), specificity, and sensitivity at 0.743 (95% CI: 0.548-0.938), 82.2%, and 66.7%; for , and 0.848 (95% CI: 0.698-0.998), 54.8%, and 100%, for . Our research gives new insight into the basis of the aggressiveness and progression of thyroid cancers, and provides information on potential differential markers that may improve preoperative diagnosis.
甲状腺癌是全球主要的内分泌恶性肿瘤。甲状腺组织病变的术前检查通常不够明确。大约 25%的甲状腺癌在手术后的组织病理学检查中无法明确诊断。需要评估甲状腺癌的诊断和鉴别标志物，以提高术前诊断准确性并减少不必要的治疗。在此，我们评估了波兰队列（120 例患者）中良性和恶性甲状腺病变中 、 和 基因的表达情况，以及 V600E 点突变的存在情况。我们还使用来自基因表达综合数据库（GEO）（307 个样本）的数据进行了基因表达的比较分析。与正常甲状腺组织相比，病理性改变的甲状腺中 和 的表达降低，而 的表达增加，并且与例如病变的组织病理学类型（甲状腺乳头状癌[PTC]与滤泡状甲状腺癌[FTC]）、患者年龄、肿瘤分期或其包膜等显著相关。对于侵袭性更强的 FTC 亚型的鉴别标志物，接收者操作特征（ROC）分析表明，估计 和 表达的价值，其曲线下面积（AUC）、特异性和敏感性分别为 0.743（95%CI：0.548-0.938）、82.2%和 66.7%；对于 和 ，AUC 分别为 0.848（95%CI：0.698-0.998）、54.8%和 100%。我们的研究深入了解了甲状腺癌侵袭性和进展的基础，并提供了有关可能改善术前诊断的潜在鉴别标志物的信息。
