College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2024 Jan 11;19(1):e0282547. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282547. eCollection 2024.
Little information exists on the variation in morphological characteristics, nutritional value, ruminal degradability, and molecular structural makeup of diverse whole-plant silage corn (WPSC) cultivars among different growing regions. This study investigated the between-regions (Beijing, Urumchi, Cangzhou, Liaoyuan, Tianjin) discrepancies in five widely used WPSC cultivars in China (FKBN, YQ889, YQ23, DK301 and ZD958), in terms of 1) morphological characteristics; 2) crude protein (CP) chemical profile; 3) Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) CP subfractions; 4) in situ CP degradation kinetics; and 5) CP molecular structures. Our results revealed significant growing region and WPSC cultivar interaction for all estimated morphological characteristics (P < 0.001), CP chemical profile (P < 0.001), CNCPS subfractions (P < 0.001) and CP molecular structural features (P < 0.05). Except ear weight (P = 0.18), all measured morphological characteristics varied among different growing regions (P < 0.001). Besides, WPSC cultivars planted in different areas had remarkably different CP chemical profiles and CNCPS subfractions (P < 0.001). All spectral parameters of protein primary structure of WPSC differed (P < 0.05) due to the growing regions, except amide II area (P = 0.28). Finally, the area ratio of amide I to II was negatively correlated with the contents of soluble CP (δ = -0.66; P = 0.002), CP (δ = -0.61; P = 0.006), non-protein nitrogen (δ = -0.56; P = 0.004) and acid detergent insoluble CP (δ = -0.43; P = 0.008), in conjunction with a positive correlation with moderately degradable CP (PB1; δ = 0.58; P = 0.01). In conclusion, the cultivar of DK301 exhibited high and stable CP content. The WPSC planted in Beijing showed high CP, SCP and NPN. The low rumen degradable protein of WPSC was observed in Urumchi. Meanwhile, above changes in protein profiles and digestibility were strongly connected with the ratio of amide I and amide II.
关于不同生长地区全株青贮玉米（WPSC）品种的形态特征、营养价值、瘤胃降解率和分子结构组成的差异，目前相关信息较少。本研究以中国五个广泛使用的 WPSC 品种（FKBN、YQ889、YQ23、DK301 和 ZD958）为研究对象，考察了不同地区（北京、乌鲁木齐、沧州、辽源、天津）之间的差异，包括 1）形态特征；2）粗蛋白（CP）化学特征；3）康奈尔净碳水化合物和蛋白质系统（CNCPS）CP 亚组分；4）CP 原位降解动力学；和 5）CP 分子结构。研究结果表明，所有估计的形态特征（P < 0.001）、CP 化学特征（P < 0.001）、CNCPS 亚组分（P < 0.001）和 CP 分子结构特征（P < 0.05）都存在显著的生长地区和 WPSC 品种间的相互作用。除穗重（P = 0.18）外，所有测量的形态特征在不同的生长地区都有显著差异（P < 0.001）。此外，种植在不同地区的 WPSC 品种的 CP 化学特征和 CNCPS 亚组分有明显差异（P < 0.001）。WPSC 的蛋白质一级结构的所有光谱参数都不同（P < 0.05），这与生长地区有关，除了酰胺 II 面积（P = 0.28）。最后，酰胺 I 与酰胺 II 的面积比与可溶性 CP（δ = -0.66；P = 0.002）、CP（δ = -0.61；P = 0.006）、非蛋白氮（δ = -0.56；P = 0.004）和酸洗涤剂不溶性 CP（δ = -0.43；P = 0.008）的含量呈负相关，与中可降解 CP（PB1；δ = 0.58；P = 0.01）呈正相关。总之，DK301 品种的 CP 含量较高且稳定。北京种植的 WPSC 具有高 CP、SCP 和 NPN。乌鲁木齐种植的 WPSC 瘤胃降解蛋白较低。同时，蛋白质图谱和消化率的上述变化与酰胺 I 和酰胺 II 的比例密切相关。
