Ding Yunji, He Jun, Zhang Shengen, Jian Jinxing, Shi Zhisheng, Cao Anhang
Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Shunde Innovation School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Foshan, 528399, China.
Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
Waste Manag. 2024 Mar 1;175:183-190. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.12.052. Epub 2024 Jan 10.
The increasing scrapped Si-based photovoltaic (PV) panels has become an urgent problem, and their disposal is essential for resources utilization and environment issues. This paper proposes a comprehensive process for recycling of discarded silicon-based PV panels economically, environmentally, and efficiently. Based on the thermal properties of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), they are removed from the discarded PV panels at 600 °C with heating rate of 5 °C/min and maintain for one hour. The glass, solar cells, and copper strips were separated after heat treatment. Simultaneously, the solar cells were crushed into powder. Nitric acid was used to recover silver from the solar cell powder, while most of the metal impurities such as Mg, Ti and Al, were removed as well. The leaching efficiency of silver was over 96 % under the optimized conditions: HNO of 4.0 mol/L, liquid-to-solid ratio of 10:1, temperature of 50 °C for 80 min. Regarding the copper strips, they were sequentially treated with 0.5 mol/L CHCOOH and NaOH solution to remove the oxides of Pb and Sn on their surface. Subsequently, they were placed into the solution of 1.0 mol/L CuSO with pH of 2 ∼ 3 to eliminate Pb and Sn. This article provides significant reference for the recycling of Si-based PV panels.
日益增多的废弃硅基光伏（PV）面板已成为一个紧迫问题，其处置对于资源利用和环境问题至关重要。本文提出了一种经济、环保且高效地回收废弃硅基光伏面板的综合工艺。基于乙烯 - 醋酸乙烯酯（EVA）的热性能，在600℃、加热速率为5℃/分钟的条件下从废弃光伏面板中去除EVA，并保持1小时。热处理后分离出玻璃、太阳能电池和铜带。同时，将太阳能电池粉碎成粉末。用硝酸从太阳能电池粉末中回收银，同时也去除了大部分金属杂质，如Mg、Ti和Al。在优化条件下：4.0mol/L的HNO₃、液固比为10:1、温度为50℃、时间为80分钟，银的浸出效率超过96%。对于铜带，依次用0.5mol/L的CH₃COOH和NaOH溶液处理以去除其表面的Pb和Sn氧化物。随后，将它们放入pH为2至3的1.0mol/L CuSO₄溶液中以去除Pb和Sn。本文为硅基光伏面板的回收提供了重要参考。
