Riech Ines, Castro-Montalvo Carlos, Wittersheim Loïs, Giácoman-Vallejos Germán, González-Sánchez Avel, Gamboa-Loira Cinthia, Acosta Milenis, Méndez-Gamboa José
Laboratorio de Ciencia de Materiales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida 97130, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida 97130, Mexico.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Jan 27;14(3):581. doi: 10.3390/ma14030581.
As the use of photovoltaic installations becomes extensive, it is necessary to look for recycling processes that mitigate the environmental impact of damaged or end-of-life photovoltaic panels. There is no single path for recycling silicon panels, some works focus on recovering the reusable silicon wafers, others recover the silicon and metals contained in the panel. In the last few years, silicon solar cells are thinner, and it becomes more difficult to separate them from the glass, so the trend is towards the recovery of silicon. In this paper, we investigate the experimental conditions to delaminate and recovery silicon in the recycling process, using a combination of mechanical, thermal, and chemical methods. The conditions of thermal treatment to remove the ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) layer were optimized to 30 min at 650 °C in the furnace. To separate silicon and metals, the composition of HF/HNO solution and the immersion time were adjusted considering environmental aspects and cost. Under the selected conditions, panels from different manufacturers were tested, obtaining similar yields of recovered silicon but differences in the metal concentrations.
随着光伏装置的使用日益广泛，有必要寻找能够减轻受损或报废光伏板对环境影响的回收工艺。硅板回收没有单一的途径，一些工作侧重于回收可重复使用的硅片，另一些则回收面板中所含的硅和金属。在过去几年中，硅太阳能电池越来越薄，将它们与玻璃分离变得更加困难，因此趋势是回收硅。在本文中，我们研究了在回收过程中使用机械、热和化学方法相结合来分层和回收硅的实验条件。去除乙烯 - 醋酸乙烯酯（EVA）层的热处理条件在炉中优化为650℃下30分钟。为了分离硅和金属，考虑到环境因素和成本，对氢氟酸/硝酸溶液的成分和浸泡时间进行了调整。在选定的条件下，对不同制造商的面板进行了测试，获得了相似的回收硅产量，但金属浓度存在差异。
