Service de néphrologie, médecine interne pédiatrique, Hôpital des enfants, CHU de Toulouse, Avenue de grande Bretagne, 31000, Toulouse, France.
Service de pédiatrie, centre hospitalier du Val d'Ariège, Foix, France.
Pediatr Nephrol. 2024 Jun;39(6):1893-1900. doi: 10.1007/s00467-023-06260-x. Epub 2024 Jan 12.
Schistosomiasis affects approximately 230 million people worldwide. There is an increased incidence of schistosomiasis cases in France acquired from outside the country. This increases the risk of schistosomiasis outbreaks as observed in Corsica. Clinicians from non-endemic regions are not accustomed to diagnosing and managing this pathology. The objective of this study is to provide a better description of the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and disease evolution of affected children.
Through the French Pediatric Nephrology Society and the Pediatric Infectious Pathology Group, we contacted all French pediatric centers that may have treated children with urinary schistosomiasis between 2013 and 2019. Age, sex, comorbidities, and clinical, biological, and radiological data (at discovery and follow-up) were collected retrospectively.
A total of 122 patients from 10 different centers were included. The median age was 14 years and the sex ratio M/F was 4:1. Hematuria was present in 82% of the patients while urinary tract abnormality was found in 36% of them. Fourteen patients (11%) displayed complicated forms of urinary schistosomiasis including 10 patients with chronic kidney disease. A total of 110 patients received treatment with praziquantel, which was well-tolerated and led to clinical resolution of symptoms in 98% of cases.
Patients with schistosomiasis present frequent kidney, urinary, or genital involvement. Systematic screening of patients returning from endemic areas is therefore recommended, especially since treatment with antiparasitic drugs is effective and well-tolerated. Enhancing medical knowledge of this pathology among all practitioners is essential to improve care and outcomes.
血吸虫病影响全球约 2.3 亿人。法国国内血吸虫病病例的发病率有所增加，这些病例是在法国境外感染的。这增加了科西嘉岛观察到的血吸虫病爆发的风险。非流行地区的临床医生不习惯诊断和管理这种病理。本研究的目的是更好地描述受影响儿童的临床和临床前特征以及疾病演变。
通过法国儿科肾脏病学会和儿科传染病病理学组，我们联系了所有可能在 2013 年至 2019 年期间治疗过尿路血吸虫病儿童的法国儿科中心。回顾性收集年龄、性别、合并症以及临床、生物学和影像学数据（在发现和随访时）。
共纳入来自 10 个不同中心的 122 名患者。中位年龄为 14 岁，男女比例为 4:1。82%的患者存在血尿，36%的患者存在尿路异常。14 名患者（11%）表现为复杂型尿路血吸虫病，其中 10 名患者患有慢性肾脏病。共有 110 名患者接受了吡喹酮治疗，该治疗耐受性良好，98%的患者症状得到临床缓解。
患有血吸虫病的患者常出现肾脏、尿路或生殖器受累。因此，建议对从流行地区返回的患者进行系统筛查，特别是因为抗寄生虫药物治疗有效且耐受性良好。增强所有从业者对这种病理的医学知识对于改善护理和结果至关重要。
