Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
Shenzhen Center for Chronic Disease Control, 2021 Buxin Road, Luohu District, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
Food Funct. 2024 Feb 5;15(3):1379-1389. doi: 10.1039/d3fo04811j.
: Vitamin D plays a crucial role in bone health; however, findings in children and adolescents remain inconsistent, and few studies have examined its impact on bone health measured by quantitative ultrasound (QUS). This study aims at assessing the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and bone health, as evaluated by QUS, across varying pubertal stages and genders. : A baseline cross-sectional survey of an ongoing cohort study included 4682 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years from Shenzhen, China. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), which is the sum of 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D, were quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Bone health was measured through calcaneal QUS, utilizing the speed of sound (SOS) in the heel as a principal measure-a higher SOS indicating a denser bone structure. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate the association of serum 25(OH)D, 25(OH)D, and 25(OH)D levels with the SOS. : Forty-one point-one percent of this population was vitamin D deficient (serum 25(OH)D < 20 ng ml), with only 11.1% being sufficient. In the fully adjusted model, we observed a significant positive association between increased serum 25(OH)D quartiles and SOS. Compared with the participants in the lowest quartiles of serum 25(OH)D, those in successive quartiles of 25(OH)D were 3.54 (95% CI: 0.81, 6.28) m s, 5.74 (95% CI: 2.87, 8.61) m s, and 8.83 (95% CI: 5.83, 11.84) m s, respectively ( for trend < 0.0001). The correlations observed for serum 25(OH)D and 25(OH)D with SOS were similar to those of serum 25(OH)D. Importantly, this association was primarily observed in post-pubertal children and adolescents but was absent in pre- and mid-pubertal participants ( for interaction = 0.0004). : Elevated serum 25(OH)D levels were associated with better bone health, as measured through calcaneal QUS, in children and adolescents, particularly among those who had reached the post-pubertal stage. These findings highlight the crucial importance of maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels to support optimal bone health in this demographic.
维生素 D 在骨骼健康中起着至关重要的作用；然而，儿童和青少年的研究结果仍不一致，很少有研究检查其对定量超声（QUS）测量的骨骼健康的影响。本研究旨在评估不同青春期阶段和性别的血清维生素 D 水平与 QUS 评估的骨骼健康之间的关系。
这是一项来自中国深圳的横断面研究，纳入了 4682 名 6 至 18 岁的儿童和青少年。使用液相色谱-质谱法定量测定血清 25-羟维生素 D（25(OH)D）水平，25(OH)D 是 25(OH)D 和 25(OH)D 的总和。通过足跟部 QUS 测量骨骼健康，以足跟部的声速（SOS）作为主要测量指标-较高的 SOS 表示骨骼结构更致密。使用广义线性模型评估血清 25(OH)D、25(OH)D 和 25(OH)D 水平与 SOS 的关联。
该人群中 41.1%的人维生素 D 缺乏（血清 25(OH)D<20ng/ml），只有 11.1%的人维生素 D 充足。在完全调整的模型中，我们观察到血清 25(OH)D 四分位升高与 SOS 之间存在显著的正相关关系。与血清 25(OH)D 最低四分位数的参与者相比，血清 25(OH)D 连续四分位数的参与者的声速分别为 3.54（95%CI：0.81，6.28）m/s、5.74（95%CI：2.87，8.61）m/s 和 8.83（95%CI：5.83，11.84）m/s（趋势 P<0.0001）。血清 25(OH)D 和 25(OH)D 与 SOS 的相关性与血清 25(OH)D 的相关性相似。重要的是，这种关联主要见于青春期后的儿童和青少年，但在青春期前和青春期中期的参与者中不存在（交互作用 P=0.0004）。
血清 25(OH)D 水平升高与儿童和青少年的足跟部 QUS 测量的骨骼健康状况较好相关，尤其是在已经进入青春期后期的儿童和青少年中。这些发现强调了在这一年龄段保持足够的维生素 D 水平以支持最佳骨骼健康的重要性。
