Laboratory of Algal Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Botany, Mizoram University, Aizawl, 796004, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Feb;31(7):11192-11213. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-31755-3. Epub 2024 Jan 13.
The problem of heavy metal pollution in water bodies poses a significant threat to both the environment and human health, as these toxic substances can persist in aquatic ecosystems and accumulate in the food chain. This study investigates the promising potential of using Microcystis aeruginosa extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) as an environmentally friendly, highly efficient solution for capturing copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) ions in water treatment, emphasizing their exceptional ability to promote green technology in heavy metal sequestration. We quantified saccharides, proteins, and amino acids in M. aeruginosa biomass and isolated EPS, highlighting their metal-chelating capabilities. Saccharide content was 36.5 mg g in biomass and 21.4 mg g in EPS, emphasizing their metal-binding ability. Proteins and amino acids were also prevalent, particularly in EPS. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed intricate 3D EPS structures, with pronounced porosity and branching configurations enhancing metal sorption. Elemental composition via energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) identified essential elements in both biomass and EPS. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy unveiled molecular changes after metal treatment, indicating various binding mechanisms, including oxygen atom coordination, π-electron interactions, and electrostatic forces. Kinetic studies showed EPS expedited and enhanced Cu and Ni sorption compared to biomass. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed exothermic, spontaneous sorption. Equilibrium biosorption studies displayed strong binding and competitive interactions in binary metal systems. Importantly, EPS exhibited impressive maximum sorption capacities of 44.81 mg g for Ni and 37.06 mg g for Cu. These findings underscore the potential of Microcystis EPS as a highly efficient sorbent for heavy metal removal in water treatment, with significant implications for environmental remediation and sustainable water purification.
水体中的重金属污染问题对环境和人类健康构成了重大威胁，因为这些有毒物质可以在水生生态系统中持久存在，并在食物链中积累。本研究探讨了利用铜绿微囊藻细胞外聚合物（EPS）作为一种环保、高效的方法来去除水中铜（Cu）和镍（Ni）离子的潜力，强调了其在重金属固定方面促进绿色技术的卓越能力。我们量化了铜绿微囊藻生物量和分离的 EPS 中的糖、蛋白质和氨基酸，突出了它们的金属螯合能力。生物量中的糖含量为 36.5mg/g，EPS 中的糖含量为 21.4mg/g，强调了它们的金属结合能力。蛋白质和氨基酸也很丰富，特别是在 EPS 中。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示了复杂的 3D EPS 结构，具有明显的孔隙率和分支结构，增强了金属吸附能力。通过能谱分析（EDAX）确定了生物量和 EPS 中基本元素的组成。傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱揭示了金属处理后分子的变化，表明了各种结合机制，包括氧原子配位、π电子相互作用和静电力。动力学研究表明，与生物量相比，EPS 加快并增强了 Cu 和 Ni 的吸附。热力学分析证实了吸附是放热的、自发的。平衡生物吸附研究表明，在二元金属体系中，EPS 表现出强烈的结合和竞争相互作用。重要的是，EPS 对 Ni 的最大吸附容量为 44.81mg/g，对 Cu 的最大吸附容量为 37.06mg/g。这些发现突显了铜绿微囊藻 EPS 作为一种高效的水处理重金属去除剂的潜力，对环境修复和可持续水净化具有重要意义。
