Misra Anand L, Pontani Ronald B, Vadlamani Narasimham L
New York State Division of Substance Abuse Services, Testing and Research Laboratory, Brooklyn, NY 11217 U.S.A. State University of New York, Department of Psychiatry, Health Science Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203 U.S.A.
Pain. 1987 Jan;28(1):129-138. doi: 10.1016/0304-3959(87)91066-9.
Cocaine hydrochloride (50 mg) pellets implanted subcutaneously in male Wistar rats potentiated the analgesia of morphine, levorphanol, methadone and buprenorphine as measured by the tail-withdrawal test. Potentiated opiate analgesia was abolished by naloxone and further enhanced by desipramine and phenoxybenzamine. Yohimbine, alpha-methyl p-tyrosine, haloperidol, zimelidine, methysergide, p-chlorophenylalanine produced no significant effect on potentiated opiate analgesia. Pseudo-cocaine (dextro-cocaine), which is several-fold less potent than cocaine as an inhibitor of noradrenaline and dopamine reuptake in the CNS, had no significant effect on opiate analgesia. Analgesia produced by low doses of baclofen, a GABA agonist, was also not potentiated by cocaine. This study suggests a predominant role for noradrenaline in the stereospecific potentiation of opiate analgesia by cocaine.
皮下植入盐酸可卡因（50毫克）丸剂的雄性Wistar大鼠，通过甩尾试验测量发现，其可增强吗啡、左啡诺、美沙酮和丁丙诺啡的镇痛作用。纳洛酮可消除增强的阿片类镇痛作用，而地昔帕明和酚苄明可进一步增强该作用。育亨宾、α-甲基对酪氨酸、氟哌啶醇、齐美利定、甲基麦角新碱、对氯苯丙氨酸对增强的阿片类镇痛作用无显著影响。伪可卡因（右旋可卡因）作为中枢神经系统中去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺再摄取抑制剂的效力比可卡因低几倍，对阿片类镇痛作用无显著影响。低剂量的GABA激动剂巴氯芬产生的镇痛作用也不会被可卡因增强。这项研究表明，去甲肾上腺素在可卡因对阿片类镇痛的立体特异性增强中起主要作用。
