Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands.
Division of Rheumatology, A Coruña University Hospital (CHUAC), Galicia, Spain.
Semin Thromb Hemost. 2024 Sep;50(6):817-828. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1776910. Epub 2024 Jan 16.
Persistence of serum antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) is associated with a high thrombotic risk, both arterial and venous, and with pregnancy complications. Due to the potential morbidity and mortality associated with the presence of aPL, identifying and recognizing risk factors for the development of aPL and thrombosis in aPL carriers may help to prevent and reduce the burden of disease. Multiple elements are involved in the pathomechanism of aPL development and aPL-related thrombosis such as genetics, malignancy, and infections. This review will address the role of both well-known risk factors and their evolution, and of emerging risk factors, including COVID-19, in the development of aPL and thrombosis in aPL carriers.
血清抗磷脂抗体（aPL）的持续存在与高血栓形成风险相关，包括动脉和静脉血栓形成，以及与妊娠并发症相关。由于存在 aPL 相关的潜在发病率和死亡率，因此识别和认识 aPL 携带者发生 aPL 和血栓形成的危险因素可能有助于预防和减少疾病负担。多种因素参与了 aPL 发展和 aPL 相关血栓形成的病理机制，如遗传、恶性肿瘤和感染。这篇综述将探讨已知危险因素及其演变，以及新兴危险因素（包括 COVID-19）在 aPL 携带者中 aPL 形成和血栓形成中的作用。
