Xu Y Y, Chen Q H, Liu Y, Ji C, Du J, Li M Y, Shen H P, Zhang X C, Che X R, Zhao G
Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310021, China.
Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Linping Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 311100, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2024 Jan 6;58(1):87-91. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230213-00101.
Malignant tumors in children are one of the most important diseases that threaten the health and quality of life of children and are the second most common cause of death in children.With the continuous improvement and progress of treatment technology, the long-term survival rate of children with tumor has been significantly improved, but both the disease itself and the treatment can impair the immune function of children, which makes them vulnerable to various infectious diseases and secondary serious complications, and even become a source of infection, endangering the health of others. Vaccination is the most cost-effective measure to prevent infectious diseases. For children with normal immune functions, the benefits of vaccination usually outweigh the disadvantages. However, there is a lack of detailed data on the vaccination situation, efficacy and safety of vaccine use for such immunocompromised tumor survivors, and there are no authoritative and uniform vaccination recommendations. This article reviewed and summarized the literature and consensus of some domestic and foreign scholars on current status of post-treatment vaccination status, efficacy and safety of vaccination for children with tumors after treatment, with the aim of providing a reference for the practice in this field in China.
儿童恶性肿瘤是威胁儿童健康和生活质量的最重要疾病之一，是儿童第二大常见死因。随着治疗技术的不断改进和进步，肿瘤患儿的长期生存率有了显著提高，但疾病本身和治疗都会损害儿童的免疫功能，使他们易患各种传染病和继发严重并发症，甚至成为传染源，危及他人健康。接种疫苗是预防传染病最具成本效益的措施。对于免疫功能正常的儿童，接种疫苗的益处通常大于风险。然而，对于这类免疫功能低下的肿瘤幸存者的疫苗接种情况、疫苗使用的有效性和安全性缺乏详细数据，也没有权威和统一的疫苗接种建议。本文回顾和总结了国内外一些学者关于肿瘤患儿治疗后疫苗接种现状、治疗后接种疫苗的有效性和安全性的文献及共识，旨在为我国该领域的实践提供参考。
