School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, 6009, Australia.
The Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, 6009, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jan 17;14(1):1479. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-51845-7.
Static magnetic stimulation (SMS) is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation that alters neural activity and induces neural plasticity that outlasts the period of stimulation. This can modify corticospinal excitability or motor behaviours, suggesting that SMS may alter the intrinsic excitability of neurons. In mammalian neurons, the axon initial segment (AIS) is the site of action potential initiation and undergoes structural plasticity (changes in length and position from the soma) as a homeostatic mechanism to counteract chronic changes in neuronal activity. We investigated whether the chronic application of SMS (6 and 48 h, 0.5 T) induces structural AIS plasticity in postnatally derived primary cortical neurons. Following 6 h of SMS, we observed a shortening in mean AIS length compared to control, that persisted 24 h post stimulation. In contrast, 48 h of SMS induced an immediate distal shift that persisted 24 h post-stimulation. Pharmacological blockade of voltage gated L/T-type calcium channels during stimulation did not prevent SMS-induced AIS structural plasticity. Our findings provide the foundation to expand the use of chronic SMS as a non-invasive method to promote AIS plasticity.
静磁场刺激(SMS)是一种非侵入性的脑刺激方式,可改变神经活动并诱导持续刺激时间之外的神经可塑性。这种刺激可以改变皮质脊髓兴奋性或运动行为,表明 SMS 可能改变神经元的内在兴奋性。在哺乳动物神经元中,轴突起始段(AIS)是动作电位起始的部位,并经历结构可塑性(从胞体到长度和位置的变化)作为一种平衡机制,以抵消神经元活动的慢性变化。我们研究了慢性应用 SMS(6 和 48 小时,0.5 T)是否会诱导出生后来源的原代皮质神经元中的结构 AIS 可塑性。在 SMS 作用 6 小时后,与对照组相比,我们观察到平均 AIS 长度缩短,这种缩短在刺激后 24 小时仍然存在。相比之下,48 小时的 SMS 诱导了即刻的远端移位,这种移位在刺激后 24 小时仍然存在。在刺激过程中阻断电压门控 L/T 型钙通道的药理学阻断不能防止 SMS 诱导的 AIS 结构可塑性。我们的发现为扩大慢性 SMS 的应用作为一种促进 AIS 可塑性的非侵入性方法提供了基础。
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