Department of Public Health Medicine, Institute of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
Br J Nutr. 2024 May 14;131(9):1641-1647. doi: 10.1017/S000711452400014X. Epub 2024 Jan 19.
It is uncertain whether dietary intake of mushrooms rich in dietary fibre and several antioxidants is associated with a lower risk of dementia. We sought to examine prospectively the association between mushroom intake and the risk of disabling dementia. We performed a prospective study involving 3750 people aged 40 to 64 years residing in three communities who participated in an annual cardiovascular risk survey from 1985 to 1999. Cases of incident disabling dementia were surveyed from 1999 to 2020. We calculated the hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI for incident total dementia according to mushroom intake among participants with or without a history of stroke. During a mean 16·0 years' follow-up in 3739 eligible participants, 670 people developed disabling dementia. For women, mushroom intake was inversely associated with the risk of total dementia and the association was confined to dementia without a history of stroke. The multivariable HR (95 % CI) for total dementia in women were 0·81 (0·62, 1·06) for mushroom intake of 0·1-14·9 g/d and 0·56 (0·42, 0·75) for mushroom intake above 15·0 g/d ( = 0·003) compared with no intake. The corresponding HR (95 % CI) for dementia without a history of stroke were 0·66 (0·47, 0·93) and 0·55 (0·38, 0·79) ( = 0·01). In men, no associations were observed between mushroom intake and the risk of disabling dementia. Among Japanese women, dietary mushroom intake was associated with a lower risk of disabling dementia.
目前尚不清楚富含膳食纤维和多种抗氧化剂的蘑菇饮食是否与痴呆风险降低有关。我们旨在前瞻性地研究蘑菇摄入量与失能性痴呆风险之间的关系。我们进行了一项前瞻性研究，纳入了居住在三个社区的 3750 名年龄在 40 至 64 岁之间的人群，这些人在 1985 年至 1999 年期间参加了年度心血管风险调查。从 1999 年至 2020 年对新发病例的失能性痴呆进行了调查。我们根据有或无中风史的参与者的蘑菇摄入量，计算了新发总痴呆的风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。在 3739 名符合条件的参与者中位随访 16.0 年后，有 670 人发生了失能性痴呆。对于女性，蘑菇摄入量与总痴呆风险呈负相关，且这种关联仅限于无中风史的痴呆。女性总痴呆的多变量 HR（95%CI）分别为 0.81（0.62，1.06）和 0.56（0.42，0.75），分别为蘑菇摄入量为 0.1-14.9 g/d 和 15.0 g/d 以上（= 0.003）与无摄入相比。无中风史痴呆的相应 HR（95%CI）分别为 0.66（0.47，0.93）和 0.55（0.38，0.79）（= 0.01）。在男性中，未观察到蘑菇摄入量与失能性痴呆风险之间存在关联。在日本女性中，饮食中摄入蘑菇与降低失能性痴呆的风险有关。
