Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK.
The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Clin Transl Oncol. 2024 Jun;26(6):1419-1428. doi: 10.1007/s12094-023-03361-9. Epub 2024 Jan 19.
The standard-of-care for locally advanced rectal cancer is radiotherapy-based neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgical resection. This article reviews the evidence of molecular changes at the transcriptome level induced through radiotherapy in rectal cancer.
The PubMed search "(radiation OR radiotherapy) cancer (transcriptome OR "gene expression") rectal" was used. The studies taken forward utilised gene-expression data on both pre-treatment and post-treatment rectal adenocarcinoma biospecimens from patients treated with RT-based neoadjuvant strategies.
Twelve publications met the review criteria. There was variation in approaches in terms of design, patient population, cohort size, timing of the post-radiotherapy sampling and method of measuring gene expression. Most of the post-treatment biospecimen retrievals were at resection. The literature indicates a broad upregulation of immune activity through radiotherapy using gene-expression data.
Future studies would benefit from standardised prospective approaches to sampling to enable the inclusion of timepoints relevant to the tumour and immune response.
局部晚期直肠癌的标准治疗方法是基于放疗的新辅助治疗，然后进行手术切除。本文综述了放疗在直肠癌中诱导转录组水平分子变化的证据。
使用 PubMed 搜索“(radiation OR radiotherapy) cancer (transcriptome OR "gene expression") rectal”。纳入的研究采用了基于 RT 的新辅助策略治疗的直肠腺癌生物标本的预处理和后处理基因表达数据。
有 12 篇文献符合审查标准。在设计、患者人群、队列大小、放疗后取样时间以及测量基因表达的方法等方面存在差异。大多数的后处理生物标本都是在切除时获取的。文献表明，通过基因表达数据，放疗广泛地上调了免疫活性。
未来的研究将受益于标准化的前瞻性采样方法，以便纳入与肿瘤和免疫反应相关的时间点。
