Neurology Institute and Multiple Sclerosis Center, Harley Street Medical Center, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
InterHealth hospital, Multiple Sclerosis Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2024 Mar;83:105435. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2024.105435. Epub 2024 Jan 7.
With evolving diagnostic criteria and the advent of new oral and parenteral therapies for Multiple Sclerosis (MS), most current diagnostic and treatment algorithms need revision and updating. The diagnosis of MS relies on incorporating clinical and paraclinical findings to prove dissemination in space and time and exclude alternative diseases that can explain the findings at hand. The differential diagnostic workup should be guided by clinical and laboratory red flags to avoid unnecessary tests. Appropriate selection of MS therapies is critical to maximize patient benefit. The current guidelines review the current diagnostic criteria for MS and the scientific evidence supporting treatment of acute relapses, radiologically isolated syndrome, clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing remitting MS, progressive MS, pediatric cases and pregnant women. The purpose of these guidelines is to provide practical recommendations and algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of MS based on current scientific evidence and clinical experience.
随着多发性硬化症（MS）诊断标准的不断发展和新的口服及注射治疗方法的出现，大多数当前的诊断和治疗方案需要修订和更新。MS 的诊断依赖于结合临床和辅助检查结果来证明空间和时间上的疾病弥散，并排除可以解释现有发现的其他疾病。鉴别诊断应根据临床和实验室警示征象进行指导，以避免不必要的检查。适当选择 MS 治疗方法对于最大限度地提高患者获益至关重要。本指南回顾了 MS 的当前诊断标准以及支持急性复发、孤立综合征、临床孤立综合征、复发缓解型多发性硬化症、进行性多发性硬化症、儿科病例和孕妇治疗的科学证据。本指南的目的是基于当前的科学证据和临床经验，为 MS 的诊断和治疗提供实用的建议和算法。
