Qiao Yanbing, Han Fenglu, Peng Xuhan, Rombenso Artur, Li Erchao
School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Dec 28;13(1):52. doi: 10.3390/antiox13010052.
Antibiotics and their secondary metabolites are commonly found in aquatic ecosystems, leading to the passive exposure of many aquatic animals to low doses of antibiotics, which can affect their health. However, there is limited information available on how to mitigate the side effects of antibiotics on normal aquatic animals. This study aimed to investigate the potential of dietary β-glucan to alleviate the side effects induced by antibiotics in Pacific white shrimp () (0.37 ± 0.02 g). A six-week feeding trial was conducted with four dietary treatments including a control, 1 g/kg β-glucan (β-glucan), 50 mg/kg oxytetracycline (OTC), and a combination of 50 mg/kg OTC and 1 g/kg β-glucan (Mix) groups. At the end of the trial, the growth performance, intestinal microbial composition, antioxidant capacity, and immune response of the shrimp were assessed. There were no significant differences in growth performance among the groups, but the condition factor of the shrimp in the Mix group was significantly decreased when compared to the control and β-glucan groups. The activities of hepatopancreas catalase (CAT) and serum phenol oxidase in the OTC group were significantly lower than those in the control group. On the other hand, the activities of hepatopancreas superoxide dismutase and CAT enzymes in the β-glucan group were significantly higher than those in the OTC group. The supplementation of β-glucan in combination with antibiotics significantly increased the CAT activity and bacteriolytic activity compared to the OTC and control groups, respectively. Moreover, an analysis of the intestinal microbiota revealed that the Observed_species estimator in the Mix group was significantly higher than that in the control group. Dietary antibiotics significantly increased the abundance of Actinobacteria at the phylum level, but the Mix group showed no significant difference. The supplementation of β-glucan in combination with antibiotics also significantly increased the relative abundance of compared to the control group. Additionally, the synergistic influence of β-glucan with antibiotics increased the beta diversity of intestinal microbiotas. These findings suggest that the supplementation of β-glucan in combination with antibiotics on Pacific white shrimp can alleviate the low antioxidant capacity and immune response caused by antibiotics while enhancing the intestinal microbial composition. This provides a potential solution to mitigate the negative impacts of antibiotics in aquaculture.
抗生素及其次级代谢产物在水生生态系统中普遍存在，导致许多水生动物被动接触低剂量抗生素，这可能影响它们的健康。然而，关于如何减轻抗生素对正常水生动物的副作用，现有信息有限。本研究旨在探讨日粮β-葡聚糖减轻抗生素对凡纳滨对虾（0.37±0.02克）所诱导副作用的潜力。进行了为期六周的投喂试验，设有四种日粮处理，包括对照组、1克/千克β-葡聚糖（β-葡聚糖组）、50毫克/千克土霉素（OTC组）以及50毫克/千克OTC与1克/千克β-葡聚糖的组合（混合组）。试验结束时，评估了对虾的生长性能、肠道微生物组成、抗氧化能力和免疫反应。各组之间生长性能无显著差异，但与对照组和β-葡聚糖组相比，混合组对虾的肥满度显著降低。OTC组肝胰腺过氧化氢酶（CAT）和血清酚氧化酶的活性显著低于对照组。另一方面，β-葡聚糖组肝胰腺超氧化物歧化酶和CAT酶的活性显著高于OTC组。与OTC组和对照组相比，β-葡聚糖与抗生素联合添加分别显著提高了CAT活性和溶菌活性。此外，对肠道微生物群的分析表明，混合组的观测物种估计值显著高于对照组。日粮抗生素显著增加了门水平放线菌的丰度，但混合组无显著差异。与对照组相比，β-葡聚糖与抗生素联合添加也显著增加了[此处原文缺失具体菌属名称]的相对丰度。此外，β-葡聚糖与抗生素的协同作用增加了肠道微生物群之间的β多样性。这些发现表明，β-葡聚糖与抗生素联合添加到凡纳滨对虾日粮中，可以减轻抗生素引起的低抗氧化能力和免疫反应，同时改善肠道微生物组成。这为减轻水产养殖中抗生素的负面影响提供了一种潜在解决方案。
