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Multimodal Cardiac Imaging in the Assessment of Patients Who Have Suffered a Cardioembolic Stroke: A Review.

作者信息

Thong Elizabeth Hui En, Kong William K F, Poh Kian-Keong, Wong Raymond, Chai Ping, Sia Ching-Hui

机构信息

Department of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore.

Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.

出版信息

J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2023 Dec 31;11(1):13. doi: 10.3390/jcdd11010013.


DOI:10.3390/jcdd11010013
PMID:38248883
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10816708/
Abstract

Cardioembolic strokes account for 20-25% of all ischaemic strokes, with their incidence increasing with age. Cardiac imaging plays a crucial role in identifying cardioembolic causes of stroke, with early and accurate identification affecting treatment, preventing recurrence, and reducing stroke incidence. Echocardiography serves as the mainstay of cardiac evaluation. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the first line in the basic evaluation of structural heart disorders, valvular disease, vegetations, and intraventricular thrombus. It can be used to measure chamber size and systolic/diastolic function. Trans-oesophageal echocardiography (TOE) yields better results in identifying potential cardioembolic sources of stroke and should be strongly considered, especially if TTE does not yield adequate results. Cardiac computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging provide better soft tissue characterisation, high-grade anatomical information, spatial and temporal visualisation, and image reconstruction in multiple planes, especially with contrast. These techniques are useful in cases of inconclusive echocardiograms and can be used to detect and characterise valvular lesions, thrombi, fibrosis, cardiomyopathies, and aortic plaques. Nuclear imaging is not routinely used, but it can be used to assess left-ventricular perfusion, function, and dimensions and may be useful in cases of infective endocarditis. Its use should be considered on a case-by-case basis. The accuracy of each imaging modality depends on the likely source of cardioembolism, and the choice of imaging approach should be tailored to individual patients.

摘要
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bbb3/10816708/3bbb8e4f6491/jcdd-11-00013-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bbb3/10816708/3bbb8e4f6491/jcdd-11-00013-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/bbb3/10816708/3bbb8e4f6491/jcdd-11-00013-g001.jpg

相似文献

[1]
Multimodal Cardiac Imaging in the Assessment of Patients Who Have Suffered a Cardioembolic Stroke: A Review.

J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2023-12-31

[2]
Predictive Value of Cardiac CTA, Cardiac MRI, and Transthoracic Echocardiography for Cardioembolic Stroke Recurrence.

AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2021-8

[3]
EACVI recommendations on cardiovascular imaging for the detection of embolic sources: endorsed by the Canadian Society of Echocardiography.

Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2021-5-10

[4]
[Diagnosis of intracardiac thrombi by various imaging techniques and activation of platelets and coagulation-fibrinolysis in patients with cardioembolic stroke].

Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 1996-3

[5]
Role of Echocardiography in Assessment of Cardioembolic Sources: a Strong Diagnostic Resource in Patients with Ischemic Stroke.

Curr Cardiol Rep. 2018-10-11

[6]
[Transesophageal echocardiography in patients with systemic arterial embolism].

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[7]
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Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015-7-2

[8]
Computed tomography and echocardiography together reveal more high-risk findings than echocardiography alone in the diagnostics of stroke etiology.

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[9]
A Review of the Role of Transthoracic and Transesophageal Echocardiography, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Cardioembolic Stroke.

Med Sci Monit. 2022-6-22

[10]
Routine echocardiography in the management of stroke and transient ischaemic attack: a systematic review and economic evaluation.

Health Technol Assess. 2014-3

引用本文的文献

[1]
Exploring Left Atrial Appendage Thrombi in Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke by Cardiac CT: Thrombus Features, LAA Characteristics and the Impact of Direct Oral Anticoagulation.

Neurol Int. 2025-8-11

[2]
Cardiac thrombus detected by cardiac computed tomography angiography in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a meta-analysis.

Front Neurol. 2024-9-10

本文引用的文献

[1]
Stroke in mitral valve prolapse: risk factors and left atrial function in cryptogenic versus non-cryptogenic ischemic subtypes.

Front Neurol. 2023-7-25

[2]
Left atrial appendage strain predicts subclinical atrial fibrillation in embolic strokes of undetermined source.

Eur Heart J Open. 2023-4-21

[3]
Association of Left Atrial Strain With Ischemic Stroke Risk in Older Adults.

JAMA Cardiol. 2023-4-1

[4]
Confirm Rx insertable cardiac monitor for primary atrial fibrillation detection in high-risk heart failure patients (Confirm-AF trial).

Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol. 2023-1

[5]
Advances in Neurocardiology: Focus on Anticoagulation for Valvular Heart Disease With and Without Atrial Fibrillation.

Stroke. 2022-12

[6]
Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Malignancy.

Mayo Clin Proc. 2022-11

[7]
Prevalence and incidence of stroke, white matter hyperintensities, and silent brain infarcts in patients with chronic heart failure: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022-9-15

[8]
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis in the COVID-19 Era.

Curr Probl Cardiol. 2023-1

[9]
Effect of mitral regurgitation on stroke risk in patients with non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation.

Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2022

[10]
Aortic arch plaque morphology in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography with wide-volume scan.

Coron Artery Dis. 2022-11-1

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