Ruiz-Montoya Lorena, Sánchez-Rosario Mayren, López-Gómez Emiliano, Garcia-Bautista Maricela, Canedo-Texón Anahí, Haymer David, Liedo Pablo
El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carretera Panamericana y Periférico Sur, Barrio María Auxiliadora, San Cristóbal de las Casas 29290, Chiapas, Mexico.
El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico.
Insects. 2024 Jan 12;15(1):56. doi: 10.3390/insects15010056.
The application of the sterile insect technique (SIT) requires the adaptation of insects to mass-rearing conditions. It is generally accepted that this adaptation may include a reduction in genetic diversity and an associated loss of desirable characteristics for the effective performance of sterile insects in the field. Here, we compare the genetic diversity of two mass-reared strains of the Mexican fruit fly, and a wild (WIL) population collected near Tapachula, Mexico, using seven DNA microsatellites as molecular genetic markers. The mass-reared strains were a bisexual laboratory strain (LAB) with approximately 130 generations under mass-rearing and a genetic sexing strain, Tapachula-7 (TA7), also under mass-rearing for 100 generations. Our results revealed an overall low level of genetic differentiation (approximately 15%) among the three strains, with the LAB and WIL populations being genetically most similar and TA7 most genetically differentiated. Although there were some differences in allele frequencies between strains, our results show that overall, the adaptation to mass-rearing conditions did not reduce genetic variability compared to the wild sample in terms of heterozygosity or allelic richness, nor did it appear to alter the level of inbreeding with respect to the wild populations. These results are contrary to the general idea that mass-rearing always results in a reduction in genetic diversity. Overall, our findings can contribute to a better understanding of the impact that adaptation to mass-rearing conditions may have on the genetic make-up of strains.
不育昆虫技术（SIT）的应用需要使昆虫适应大规模饲养条件。人们普遍认为，这种适应可能包括遗传多样性的降低以及不育昆虫在田间有效发挥作用所需特性的相关丧失。在此，我们使用七个DNA微卫星作为分子遗传标记，比较了墨西哥果蝇两个大规模饲养品系以及在墨西哥塔帕丘拉附近采集的一个野生（WIL）种群的遗传多样性。大规模饲养品系分别是一个在大规模饲养条件下繁殖了约130代的两性实验室品系（LAB）和一个同样在大规模饲养条件下繁殖了100代的遗传性别品系塔帕丘拉-7（TA7）。我们的结果显示，这三个品系之间的遗传分化总体水平较低（约15%），其中LAB和WIL种群在遗传上最为相似，而TA7在遗传上差异最大。尽管品系之间的等位基因频率存在一些差异，但我们的结果表明，总体而言，与野生样本相比，适应大规模饲养条件在杂合度或等位基因丰富度方面并未降低遗传变异性，相对于野生种群而言，也似乎没有改变近亲繁殖水平。这些结果与大规模饲养总会导致遗传多样性降低的普遍观点相反。总体而言，我们的研究结果有助于更好地理解适应大规模饲养条件可能对品系遗传构成产生的影响。
