Don Brian P, Simpson Jeffry A, Fredrickson Barbara L, Algoe Sara B
School of Psychology, University of Auckland.
Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota.
Perspect Psychol Sci. 2024 Jan 22:17456916231220626. doi: 10.1177/17456916231220626.
Interparental interactions have an important influence on child well-being and development. Yet prior theory and research have primarily focused on interparental conflict as contributing to child maladjustment, which leaves out the critical question of how interparental positive interactions-such as expressed gratitude, capitalization, and shared laughter-may benefit child growth and development. In this article, we integrate theory and research in family, relationship, and affective science to propose a new framework for understanding how the heretofore underexamined positive interparental interactions influence children: interparental positivity spillover theory (IPST). IPST proposes that, distinct from the influence of conflict, interparental positive interactions spill over into children's experiences in the form of their (a) experience of positive emotions, (b) beneficially altered perceptions of their parents, and (c) emulation of their parents' positive interpersonal behaviors. This spillover is theorized to promote beneficial cognitive, behavioral, social, and physiological outcomes in children in the short term (i.e., immediately after a specific episode of interparental positivity, or on a given day) as well as cumulatively across time. As a framework, IPST generates a host of novel and testable predictions to guide future research, all of which have important implications for the mental health, well-being, and positive development of children and families.
父母间的互动对孩子的幸福和发展有着重要影响。然而，先前的理论和研究主要关注父母间的冲突对孩子适应不良的影响，却忽略了一个关键问题，即父母间的积极互动，如表达感激、分享喜悦和共同欢笑，如何有益于孩子的成长和发展。在本文中，我们整合了家庭、关系和情感科学领域的理论与研究，提出了一个新的框架，以理解此前未被充分研究的父母间积极互动如何影响孩子：父母间积极情绪溢出理论（IPST）。IPST认为，与冲突的影响不同，父母间的积极互动会以以下形式溢出到孩子的经历中：（a）积极情绪体验；（b）对父母有益的认知改变；（c）模仿父母的积极人际行为。从理论上讲，这种溢出效应在短期内（即父母间一次特定的积极互动之后，或在某一天）以及随着时间的累积，都会促进孩子在认知、行为、社交和生理方面产生有益的结果。作为一个框架，IPST产生了一系列新颖且可检验的预测，以指导未来的研究，所有这些预测对儿童和家庭的心理健康、幸福及积极发展都具有重要意义。
