Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Regional Specialist Hospital in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
Med Sci Monit. 2024 Jan 23;30:e942740. doi: 10.12659/MSM.942740.
General anesthesia is an integral part of modern surgical practice, but it is associated with a number of complications, including neurological ones. This article provides a thorough analysis of these complications, taking into account the most common ones like drug complications, through delirium, postoperative cognitive impairment (POCD), to the rarest ones like perioperative stroke (POS), spinal cord ischemia (SCI), and postoperative visual loss (POVL). Its main goal is to familiarize healthcare professionals, especially those involved in anesthesiology, with the intricacies of neurological complications. Given their specificity and frequency of occurrence, it is well known that the diagnosis and management of these complications can sometimes cause problems for physicians without advanced neurological knowledge. Also, in addition to complex diagnostics, the pathomechanism of non-pharmacological complications is often not fully understood due to their multifactoriality and sometimes paucity of research. For this reason, an increasing amount of work is being done in the medical community to better understand this group of conditions, enabling faster diagnosis and more effective treatment, as well as perioperative prevention. This paper aims to increase awareness and vigilance among physicians across the spectrum of surgical patient care, from premedication to postoperative follow-up. Drawing on the authors' experience and the extensive medical literature, this paper includes 39 selected articles from 1994 to 2023, seeking the latest insights in the constantly evolving field of neurology and anesthesiology. This article aims to review the neurological complications of general anesthesia.
全身麻醉是现代外科手术实践的一个组成部分，但它与许多并发症有关，包括神经系统并发症。本文对这些并发症进行了全面分析，考虑了最常见的并发症，如药物并发症、谵妄、术后认知障碍（POCD），到最罕见的并发症，如围手术期中风（POS）、脊髓缺血（SCI）和术后视力丧失（POVL）。其主要目的是使医疗保健专业人员，特别是参与麻醉学的人员熟悉神经系统并发症的复杂性。鉴于它们的特殊性和发生频率，众所周知，没有高级神经知识的医生在诊断和管理这些并发症时有时会遇到问题。此外，除了复杂的诊断，由于其多因素性和有时缺乏研究，非药物性并发症的发病机制并不完全清楚。出于这个原因，医学界正在做越来越多的工作来更好地理解这组疾病，以便更快地诊断和更有效地治疗，以及围手术期预防。本文旨在提高从术前准备到术后随访的各个层面的外科患者护理医生的认识和警惕性。本文作者根据自己的经验和广泛的医学文献，包括了从 1994 年到 2023 年的 39 篇精选文章，旨在寻求在神经学和麻醉学不断发展的领域的最新见解。本文旨在综述全身麻醉的神经系统并发症。
