Lei Yixiao, Liu Wenwu, Li Caixia, Da Shiji, Zheng Yawen, Wu Youzhi, Ran Fen
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Non-ferrous Metals, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China.
Nanoscale. 2024 Feb 8;16(6):2765-2788. doi: 10.1039/d3nr05264h.
The power conversion efficiency of metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has increased dramatically in recent years, but there are still major bottlenecks in the commercial application of such materials, including intrinsic instability caused by external stimuli such as water, oxygen, and radiation, as well as local stress generated inside the perovskite and external stress caused by poor interlayer contact. However, some crucial sources of instability cannot be overcome by conventional encapsulation engineering. Among them, the tensile strain can weaken the chemical bonds in the perovskite lattice, thereby reducing the defects formation energy and activation energy of ion migration and accelerating the degradation rate of the perovskite crystal. This review expounds the latest in-depth understanding of microstrain in perovskite film from the thermodynamic sources and influences on the perovskite physicochemical structure and photoelectric performance. Furthermore, it also summarizes the effective strategies for strain regulation and interlayer contact performance improvement, which are conducive to the improvement of photovoltaic performance and internal stability of PSCs. Finally, we present a prospective outlook on how to achieve more stable and higher efficiency PSCs through strain engineering.
近年来，金属卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的功率转换效率大幅提高，但这类材料在商业应用中仍存在主要瓶颈，包括水、氧气和辐射等外部刺激引起的固有不稳定性，以及钙钛矿内部产生的局部应力和层间接触不良导致的外部应力。然而，一些关键的不稳定性来源无法通过传统的封装工程来克服。其中，拉伸应变会削弱钙钛矿晶格中的化学键，从而降低缺陷形成能和离子迁移的活化能，并加速钙钛矿晶体的降解速率。本文综述了从热力学来源对钙钛矿薄膜微应变的最新深入理解，以及其对钙钛矿物理化学结构和光电性能的影响。此外，还总结了应变调控和层间接触性能改善的有效策略，这有利于提高PSC的光伏性能和内部稳定性。最后，我们对如何通过应变工程实现更稳定、更高效率的PSC进行了前瞻性展望。
