Rusaanes Veronica, Eide Hilde, Brembo Espen Andreas, Gladhus Lise, Oswald Birte Marten, Heyn Lena Günterberg
Centre for Health and Technology, Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of South-Eastern, Norway.
Centre for Health and Technology, Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of South-Eastern, Norway.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2024 Mar;151:104688. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104688. Epub 2023 Dec 30.
Rural nursing education stands as a way to contribute to a sustainable nurse workforce in rural areas. Different approaches to organizing rural nursing education are described in the existing literature.
To explore scientific reviews about rural nursing education and synthesize current knowledge as "best practice" recommendations for rural nursing education regarding the required organization of rural nursing education programs, what are the competencies required to function as a nurse in rural health-care settings, and the key environmental features for learning in rural nursing education programs.
An umbrella review.
Nursing students, newly graduated nurses, and clinical supervisors involved in nursing education in rural areas.
A systematic literature search was conducted. Of the 276 review articles found, 93 were screened by title and abstract and 27 were screened in full text. The period searched was 2000-2022, and the literature search was peer-reviewed and published.
The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for umbrella reviews guided the design, search, and the reporting of the findings of the included reviews. Four reviewers screened for inclusion and exclusion using Covidence in a double blinded process. The analysis was guided by the JBI guidelines for umbrella review syntheses. Two reviewers conducted the analysis.
Sixteen reviews were included; eight scoping reviews, six integrative reviews, one narrative review, and one rapid review. The synthesis of current evidence provides the following "best practice" suggestions: (a) fostering context-sensitive and collaboratively designed education environments is recommended; (b) integrating curricula tailored for the nursing role and rural practice is recommended (c) establishing a supportive learning environment that encourages students' motivation and academic success; and (d) clinical placements in locally developed learning settings address the educational needs required for practice in the rural workforce.
Rural nursing education needs to be properly aligned with the context and health-care development, to educate nurses who can meet the community's needs today and in the future. A well-functioning collaboration between university faculty and local community stakeholders in a co-creation process stands out as vital to build a sustainable, flexible, rural nursing education program.
Umbrella review: Flexible, co-created education might be "best practice" in rural undergraduate nursing programs.
农村护理教育是为农村地区培养可持续护理人才队伍的一种方式。现有文献描述了组织农村护理教育的不同方法。
探讨关于农村护理教育的科学综述，并综合当前知识，为农村护理教育提供“最佳实践”建议，内容涉及农村护理教育项目所需的组织形式、在农村医疗环境中担任护士所需的能力，以及农村护理教育项目学习的关键环境特征。
一项综合性综述。
参与农村护理教育的护生、新毕业护士和临床督导员。
进行了系统的文献检索。在检索到的276篇综述文章中，通过标题和摘要筛选出93篇，全文筛选出27篇。检索时间段为2000 - 2022年，文献检索经过同行评审并已发表。
乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（JBI）的综合性综述方法指导了纳入综述的设计、检索和结果报告。四名评审员使用Covidence在双盲过程中筛选纳入和排除标准。分析以JBI综合性综述指南为指导。两名评审员进行分析。
纳入了16篇综述；8篇范围综述、6篇整合性综述、1篇叙述性综述和1篇快速综述。当前证据的综合提供了以下“最佳实践”建议：（a）建议营造因地制宜且协同设计的教育环境；（b）建议整合针对护理角色和农村实践量身定制的课程；（c）建立支持性学习环境，鼓励学生的学习动机并取得学业成功；（d）在当地开发的学习环境中进行临床实习，满足农村劳动力实践所需的教育需求。
农村护理教育需要与实际情况和医疗保健发展妥善结合，以培养能够满足当今及未来社区需求的护士。大学教师与当地社区利益相关者在共同创造过程中良好的合作对于构建可持续、灵活的农村护理教育项目至关重要。
综合性综述：灵活、共同创建的教育可能是农村本科护理项目的“最佳实践”。
