Key Laboratory of IPM of Pests on Crop (Southern North China), Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Pest Control of Henan, Institute of Plant Protection, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
Key Laboratory of Specific Oilseed Crops Genomics of Henan Province, Henan Sesame Research Center, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Jan 23;24(1):64. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-04728-y.
Corynespora leaf spot is a common leaf disease occurring in sesame, and the disease causes leaf yellowing and even shedding, which affects the growth quality of sesame. At present, the mechanism of sesame resistance to this disease is still unclear. Understanding the resistance mechanism of sesame to Corynespora leaf spot is highly important for the control of infection. In this study, the leaves of the sesame resistant variety (R) and the sesame susceptible variety (S) were collected at 0-48 hpi for transcriptome sequencing, and used a combined third-generation long-read and next-generation short-read technology approach to identify some key genes and main pathways related to resistance.
The gene expression levels of the two sesame varieties were significantly different at 0, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hpi, indicating that the up-regulation of differentially expressed genes in the R might enhanced the resistance. Moreover, combined with the phenotypic observations of sesame leaves inoculated at different time points, we found that 12 hpi was the key time point leading to the resistance difference between the two sesame varieties at the molecular level. The WGCNA identified two modules significantly associated with disease resistance, and screened out 10 key genes that were highly expressed in R but low expressed in S, which belonged to transcription factors (WRKY, AP2/ERF-ERF, and NAC types) and protein kinases (RLK-Pelle_DLSV, RLK-Pelle_SD-2b, and RLK-Pelle_WAK types). These genes could be the key response factors in the response of sesame to infection by Corynespora cassiicola. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that specific modules could be enriched, which manifested as enrichment in biologically important pathways, such as plant signalling hormone transduction, plant-pathogen interaction, carbon metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, MAPK and other stress-related pathways.
This study provides an important resource of genes contributing to disease resistance and will deepen our understanding of the regulation of disease resistance, paving the way for further molecular breeding of sesame.
姜炭疽病是芝麻常见的叶部病害，可导致叶片黄化甚至脱落，影响芝麻的生长品质。目前，芝麻对该病害的抗性机制尚不清楚。了解芝麻对姜炭疽病的抗性机制，对于防治病害感染至关重要。本研究收集了抗病品种（R）和感病品种（S）芝麻在 0-48 hpi 时的叶片进行转录组测序，采用第三代长读长和第二代短读长相结合的技术方法，鉴定了一些与抗性相关的关键基因和主要通路。
两个芝麻品种在 0、6、12、24、36 和 48 hpi 时的基因表达水平存在显著差异，表明 R 中差异表达基因的上调可能增强了抗性。此外，结合不同时间点接种芝麻叶片的表型观察，发现 12 hpi 是导致两个芝麻品种在分子水平上抗性差异的关键时间点。WGCNA 鉴定出与抗病性显著相关的两个模块，并筛选出在 R 中高度表达而在 S 中低表达的 10 个关键基因，这些基因属于转录因子（WRKY、AP2/ERF-ERF 和 NAC 类型）和蛋白激酶（RLK-Pelle_DLSV、RLK-Pelle_SD-2b 和 RLK-Pelle_WAK 类型）。这些基因可能是芝麻对姜炭疽菌感染反应的关键响应因子。GO 和 KEGG 富集分析显示，特定模块可被富集，表现为植物信号转导激素转导、植物-病原体相互作用、碳代谢、苯丙烷生物合成、谷胱甘肽代谢、MAPK 和其他应激相关途径的富集。
本研究为与抗病性相关的基因提供了重要资源，将加深我们对抗病性调控的理解，为芝麻的进一步分子育种铺平道路。
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