Maanju Sunny, Jasrotia Poonam, Yadav Surender Singh, Sharma Preeti, Kashyap Prem Lal, Kumar Sudheer, Jat Manoj Kumar, Singh Gyanendra Pratap
Division of Crop Protection, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, India.
Department of Entomology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Sep 6;14:1188627. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1188627. eCollection 2023.
Corn-leaf aphid (CLA), (Fitch) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a serious economic pest of barley worldwide. Breeding for aphid resistance in plants is considered a cost-effective and environmentally safe approach for aphid control, compared to the use of chemical pesticides. One of the challenges in breeding for aphid resistance is the identification of resistant plant genotypes, which can be achieved through the use of molecular markers. In the present study, a set of aphid specific 10 simple-sequence repeats (SSR) markers were used to investigate genetic diversity and population structure analyses in 109 barley genotypes against Three statistical methods viz., multivariate hierarchical clustering based on Jaccard's similarity coefficient, principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and the Bayesian approach were utilized to classify the 109 barley genotypes. The analyses revealed four subpopulations i.e., SubPop1, SubPop2, SubPop3 and SubPop4 with 19, 46, 20 and 24 genotypes including admixtures, respectively and represented 17.43%, 42.2%, 18.34% and 22.01% genotypes of the total population size, respectively. The studied SSR markers produced 67 polymorphic bands, with an average of 6.7 and ranging from 3 to 12 bands. Heterozygosity (H) was found to be highest in SSR28 (0.64) and lowest in SSR27 (0.89). The observed genetic diversity index varied from 0.10 to 0.34 (with an average of 0.19). Major allele frequency varied from 74.08% to 94.80%. On an average, 87.52% of the 109 barley genotypes shared a common major allele at any locus. Based on the Aphid Infestation Index (AII), only 2 genotypes were found to be resistant against CLA. SubPop2 also had lowest mean aphid population (28.83), widest genetic similarity index (0.60-1.00) and highest genetic similarity coefficient (0.82), which highlighted its potential for inclusion in future CLA resistance breeding programs.
玉米叶蚜（CLA），（菲奇）（半翅目：蚜科）是全球大麦的一种严重经济害虫。与使用化学农药相比，培育抗蚜植物品种被认为是一种经济高效且环境安全的蚜虫防治方法。培育抗蚜品种面临的挑战之一是鉴定抗性植物基因型，这可以通过使用分子标记来实现。在本研究中，一组10个蚜虫特异性简单序列重复（SSR）标记被用于调查109个大麦基因型对[此处原文缺失相关内容]的遗传多样性和群体结构分析。使用了三种统计方法，即基于杰卡德相似系数的多元层次聚类、主坐标分析（PCoA）和贝叶斯方法对109个大麦基因型进行分类。分析揭示了四个亚群，即亚群1、亚群2、亚群3和亚群4，分别有19、46、20和24个基因型（包括混合基因型），分别占总群体基因型的17.43%、42.2%、18.34%和22.01%。所研究的SSR标记产生了67条多态性条带，平均每条标记有6.7条，范围从3到12条。杂合度（H）在SSR28中最高（0.64），在SSR27中最低（0.89）。观察到的遗传多样性指数在0.10至0.34之间（平均为0.19）。主要等位基因频率在74.08%至94.80%之间。平均而言，109个大麦基因型中有87.52%在任何位点共享一个共同的主要等位基因。基于蚜虫侵染指数（AII），仅发现2个基因型对玉米叶蚜具有抗性。亚群2的平均蚜虫数量也最低（28.83），遗传相似性指数范围最广（0.60 - 1.00），遗传相似系数最高（0.82），这突出了其在未来玉米叶蚜抗性育种计划中的应用潜力。
