Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Jan 9;11:1292411. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1292411. eCollection 2023.
Family socioeconomic status (SES) is widely believed to be associated with depressive symptoms in children and adolescents. The correlation between SES and depressive symptoms changes based on social culture and the economic development level. In China, which includes many children and adolescents, the magnitude of the relationship between SES and depressive symptoms and its potential moderators remains unclear. The current meta-analysis was conducted to determine the overall association between SES and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents in mainland China. We included 197 estimates in mainland China from 2000-2023. Among 147,613 children and adolescents aged 7-18 years, the results showed a weak but significant overall negative association between SES and depression ( = -0.076). Moderator testing showed that the composite SES indicator ( = -0.104) had a stronger association with depression than parental educational level ( = -0.065) and occupational status ( = -0.025) but not family income ( = -0.088). Additionally, the negative association between SES and depression became weaker over the past 20 years in China ( = 0.010). Furthermore, the magnitude of the relationship between SES and depression was stronger in West China ( = -0.094) than in Middle China ( = -0.065), but not East China ( = -0.075). These findings indicate that the relationship between SES and depression among children and adolescents in mainland China may vary based on social contexts. It is necessary to further explore the effect of these social factors and the underlying mechanisms.
家庭社会经济地位（SES）被广泛认为与儿童和青少年的抑郁症状有关。SES 与抑郁症状之间的相关性因社会文化和经济发展水平而异。在中国，有许多儿童和青少年，SES 与抑郁症状之间的关系及其潜在的调节因素的大小仍不清楚。本荟萃分析旨在确定中国大陆儿童和青少年 SES 与抑郁症状之间的总体关系。我们纳入了 2000 年至 2023 年中国大陆的 197 项估计。在 147613 名 7-18 岁的儿童和青少年中，结果显示 SES 与抑郁之间存在微弱但显著的负相关（ = -0.076）。调节测试表明，综合 SES 指标（ = -0.104）与抑郁的相关性强于父母教育程度（ = -0.065）和职业地位（ = -0.025），但与家庭收入（ = -0.088）无关。此外，在中国过去 20 年中，SES 与抑郁之间的负相关关系变得较弱（ = 0.010）。此外，SES 与抑郁之间的关系在中国西部地区（ = -0.094）比在中部地区（ = -0.065）更强，但在东部地区（ = -0.075）则不然。这些发现表明，中国大陆儿童和青少年 SES 与抑郁之间的关系可能因社会背景而异。有必要进一步探讨这些社会因素的影响及其潜在机制。
