Rondón Silvia, Cavallero Serena, Montalbano Di Filippo Margherita, De Liberato Claudio, Berrilli Federica, Capitani Nazareno, D'Amelio Stefano
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Jan 8;10:1270202. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1270202. eCollection 2023.
Non-human primates (NHPs) living in captive conditions are susceptible to intestinal parasites that can contribute to mortality and morbidity, and cause zoonotic infections. Thus, parasite surveys on NHP populations under human care are relevant as part of the evaluation of NHPs welfare and in the zoonotic disease risk assessment, as well as in the exploration of parasite transmission pathways, according to the One-Health concept. This study aimed to identify intestinal parasites infecting NHPs living in two wildlife recovery centers and in a zoological garden, in Italy. Ninety-three fecal samples from and were collected at Piano dell'Abatino Park (Lazio), and fecal smears and flotation were performed in order to identify parasites according to morphological keys. Additionally, one carcass of from the Bioparco Zoological Garden of Rome (Lazio) and one of from the Center for the Recovery of Exotic and Maremma Wild Animals (Tuscany) were necropsied and intestinal adult nematodes were collected and characterized at morphological and molecular level, using the mitochondrial cox1 and rrnL markers. Protozoans (-like, sp.), chromists ( sp.) and nematodes ( sp., sp., strongyliform larvae and sp.) were found through fecal smears and flotation. The collected adult nematodes from dead NHPs were morphologically identified as whipworms (genus ). Phylogenetic analyses grouped specimens into the complex of species, with specimens from clustering into a host-specific branch, and whipworms from clustering within a clade formed by infecting several primate species, including humans. The results here collected revealed the presence of potentially zoonotic parasites circulating in captive primates in Italy, providing useful information for the formulation of management and care plans for captive NHPs, and for the elaboration of safety measures for visitors and animal keepers.
生活在圈养条件下的非人灵长类动物（NHPs）易感染肠道寄生虫，这些寄生虫可导致死亡和发病，并引发人畜共患感染。因此，根据“同一健康”概念，对人类照料下的非人灵长类动物群体进行寄生虫调查，对于评估非人灵长类动物的福利、进行人畜共患疾病风险评估以及探索寄生虫传播途径都具有重要意义。本研究旨在鉴定感染意大利两个野生动物救助中心和一个动物园内非人灵长类动物的肠道寄生虫。在阿巴蒂诺公园（拉齐奥大区）采集了来自[具体动物种类1]和[具体动物种类2]的93份粪便样本，并进行了粪便涂片和浮选，以便根据形态学特征鉴定寄生虫。此外，对来自罗马生物公园动物园（拉齐奥大区）的一具[具体动物种类1]尸体和来自外来及马尔马野生动物救助中心（托斯卡纳大区）的一具[具体动物种类2]尸体进行了尸检，收集了肠道成虫线虫，并利用线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶亚基1（cox1）和核糖体大亚基（rrnL）标记物在形态学和分子水平上对其进行了鉴定。通过粪便涂片和浮选发现了原生动物（类[具体原生动物名称1]、[具体原生动物名称2]种）、色素界生物（[具体色素界生物名称]种）和线虫（[具体线虫名称1]种、[具体线虫名称2]种、类圆线虫幼虫和[具体线虫名称3]种）。从死亡的非人灵长类动物身上收集的成虫线虫在形态上被鉴定为鞭虫（[鞭虫属名称]属）。系统发育分析将[具体动物种类1]的标本归入[鞭虫复合种名称]复合种，其中来自[具体动物种类1]的标本聚集成一个宿主特异性分支，而来自[具体动物种类2]的鞭虫则聚集在一个由感染包括人类在内的几种灵长类动物的[具体线虫名称4]形成的进化枝内。此处收集的结果揭示了意大利圈养灵长类动物中存在潜在的人畜共患寄生虫，为制定圈养非人灵长类动物的管理和护理计划以及为游客和动物饲养员制定安全措施提供了有用信息。
