Abbott Nutrition, Granada, Spain.
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2024 Jan 24;22(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s12955-024-02229-y.
Nutrition care can positively affect multiple aspects of patient's health; outcomes are commonly evaluated on the basis of their impact on a patient's (i) illness-specific conditions and (ii) health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Our systematic review examined how HRQoL was measured in studies of nutritional interventions. To help future researchers select appropriate Quality of Life Questionnaires (QoLQ), we identified commonly-used instruments and their uses across populations in different regions, of different ages, and with different diseases.
We searched EMCare, EMBASE, and Medline databases for studies that had HRQoL and nutrition intervention terms in the title, the abstract, or the MeSH term classifications "quality of life" and any of "nutrition therapy", "diet therapy", or "dietary supplements" and identified 1,113 studies for possible inclusion.We then reviewed titles, abstracts, and full texts to identify studies for final inclusion.
Our review of titles, abstracts, and full texts resulted in the inclusion of 116 relevant studies in our final analysis. Our review identified 14 general and 25 disease-specific QoLQ. The most-used general QoLQ were the Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) in 27 studies and EuroQol 5-Dimension, (EQ-5D) in 26 studies. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of life Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ), a cancer-specific QoLQ, was the most frequently used disease-specific QoLQ (28 studies). Disease-specific QoLQ were also identified for nutrition-related diseases such as diabetes, obesity, and dysphagia. Sixteen studies used multiple QoLQ, of which eight studies included both general and disease-specific measures of HRQoL. The most studied diseases were cancer (36 studies) and malnutrition (24 studies). There were few studies focused on specific age-group populations, with only 38 studies (33%) focused on adults 65 years and older and only 4 studies focused on pediatric patients. Regional variation in QoLQ use was observed, with EQ-5D used more frequently in Europe and SF-36 more commonly used in North America.
Use of QoLQ to measure HRQoL is well established in the literature; both general and disease-specific instruments are now available for use. We advise further studies to examine potential benefits of using both general and disease-specific QoLQ to better understand the impact of nutritional interventions on HRQoL.
营养护理可以积极影响患者健康的多个方面；结果通常基于其对患者（i）特定疾病状况和（ii）健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）的影响进行评估。我们的系统评价检查了 HRQoL 在营养干预研究中的测量方法。为了帮助未来的研究人员选择合适的生活质量问卷（QoLQ），我们确定了常用的工具及其在不同地区、不同年龄和不同疾病人群中的使用情况。
我们在 EMCare、EMBASE 和 Medline 数据库中搜索了标题、摘要或 MeSH 主题分类“生活质量”和“营养治疗”、“饮食治疗”或“膳食补充剂”中的 HRQoL 和营养干预术语的研究，确定了 1113 项可能纳入的研究。然后，我们审查了标题、摘要和全文，以确定最终纳入的研究。
我们对标题、摘要和全文的审查导致 116 项相关研究纳入最终分析。我们的综述确定了 14 种一般和 25 种疾病特异性 QoLQ。最常用的一般 QoLQ 是 27 项研究中的短格式 36 项健康调查（SF-36）和 26 项研究中的 EuroQol 5 维度（EQ-5D）。欧洲癌症研究和治疗组织生活质量问卷（EORTC-QLQ）是一种癌症特异性 QoLQ，是最常用的疾病特异性 QoLQ（28 项研究）。还为与营养相关的疾病（如糖尿病、肥胖和吞咽困难）确定了疾病特异性 QoLQ。16 项研究使用了多种 QoLQ，其中 8 项研究包括一般和疾病特异性 HRQoL 测量。研究最多的疾病是癌症（36 项研究）和营养不良（24 项研究）。针对特定年龄组人群的研究很少，只有 38 项研究（33%）针对 65 岁及以上的成年人，只有 4 项研究针对儿科患者。观察到 QoLQ 使用的区域差异，欧洲更频繁使用 EQ-5D，北美更常使用 SF-36。
文献中已经确立了使用 QoLQ 来衡量 HRQoL 的方法；现在有一般和疾病特异性工具可供使用。我们建议进一步研究，以检查使用一般和疾病特异性 QoLQ 的潜在益处，以更好地了解营养干预对 HRQoL 的影响。
