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南非的植物性肉类替代品:对超市货架上产品的分析。

Plant-based meat alternatives in South Africa: An analysis of products on supermarket shelves.

作者信息

Moonaisur Nishanie, Marx-Pienaar Nadene, de Kock Henrietta L

机构信息

Department of Consumer and Food Sciences University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa.

出版信息

Food Sci Nutr. 2023 Nov 6;12(1):627-637. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3765. eCollection 2024 Jan.

Abstract

All over the world, the development of products that resemble meat but contain predominantly plant-sourced ingredients is a prime focus. Meat obtained by rearing animals is associated with a range of important issues related to the sustainability of the planet. Locally, the topic is trending and the cause of various debates among industry role players. This study aimed to explore and analyze plant-based meat alternative (PBMA) products in the South African retail market as well as review internal (nutritional content and ingredients) and external (country of origin, cost/kg, and label claims) factors of the products. This study also compared the nutritional content of PBMA and comparative meat products. Seventy-eight PBMA products were included: plant-based sausages ( = 23), burgers ( = 31), chicken-style ( = 11), mince ( = 8), and an "other" ( = 5) category providing for a variety of product lines. Information from product packaging (total fat, saturated fat, fiber, protein, sugar, sodium, carbohydrates, and energy density) was extracted for all PBMA ( = 78) and comparative meat product lines ( = 28). Meat products tended to be comparatively higher in saturated fat, while PBMAs were higher in carbohydrate, sugar, and dietary fiber content. Sodium content of plant-based mince was approximately five times higher than beef mince. On-pack claims for PBMAs included vegetarian/vegan/plant based (80% of products), high in/source of protein (48%), containing no genetically modified organisms (GMOs; 16%), and gluten free (26%). The plant protein trend has prompted innovation in PBMAs, however, wide nutrient ranges and higher sodium levels highlight the importance of nutrition guidelines for their development to ensure healthier product offerings to consumers. The findings of this study may assist in exploration of consumers' preferences/attitudes or engagement with PBMA products, which could, in turn, guide new product development within the category. However, information about possible barriers, drivers, consumer expectations, and attitudes toward these products is also required.

摘要

在全球范围内,开发类似肉类但主要含有植物源成分的产品是一个主要关注点。通过饲养动物获得的肉类与一系列与地球可持续性相关的重要问题有关。在当地,这个话题很热门,也是行业参与者之间各种辩论的焦点。本研究旨在探索和分析南非零售市场中的植物基肉类替代品(PBMA)产品,并审查这些产品的内部因素(营养成分和配料)和外部因素(原产国、每千克成本和标签声明)。本研究还比较了PBMA和对照肉类产品的营养成分。共纳入了78种PBMA产品:植物基香肠(23种)、汉堡(31种)、鸡肉风味产品(11种)、肉末(8种)以及一个“其他”类别(5种),涵盖了各种产品线。从所有PBMA产品(78种)和对照肉类产品线(28种)的产品包装中提取了以下信息:总脂肪、饱和脂肪、纤维、蛋白质、糖、钠、碳水化合物和能量密度。肉类产品的饱和脂肪含量往往相对较高,而PBMA产品的碳水化合物、糖和膳食纤维含量较高。植物基肉末的钠含量约为牛肉末的五倍。PBMA产品的包装宣称包括素食/纯素食/植物基(80%的产品)、高蛋白/蛋白质来源(48%)、不含转基因生物(GMOs;16%)以及无麸质(26%)。植物蛋白的趋势推动了PBMA产品的创新,然而,营养成分范围广泛以及钠含量较高凸显了营养指南对其开发的重要性,以确保向消费者提供更健康的产品。本研究的结果可能有助于探索消费者对PBMA产品的偏好/态度或参与度,这反过来又可以指导该类别的新产品开发。然而,还需要有关这些产品可能存在的障碍、驱动因素、消费者期望和态度的信息。

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