Fietz Simone A, Grochow Thomas, Schares Gereon, Töpfer Tanja, Heilmann Romy M
Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, DE-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
National Reference Laboratory for Toxoplasmosis, Institute of Epidemiology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, DE-17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.
Pathogens. 2023 Dec 20;13(1):7. doi: 10.3390/pathogens13010007.
is an obligate intracellular parasite with felids, including domestic cats, as definitive hosts. In immunocompetent individuals, infection is usually asymptomatic. However, under immunosuppression, it may have severe pathological impacts, which often result from the reactivation of a chronic infection. In this case study, a 21-month-old female domestic shorthair cat-diagnosed with primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia three months prior and treated with cyclosporine and prednisolone-presented with acute tachypnea, dyspnea, diarrhea, and anorexia. Thoracic radiography suggested severe pneumonia. Testing for spp., spp., spp., and lungworm infection was negative. Serology for revealed seroconversion of IgG, but not of IgM, indicating previous exposure to . The cat remained stable but tachypneic for three days, followed by an acute onset of dyspnea and clinical deterioration, after which euthanasia was elected. Numerous protozoa were present in a postmortem transtracheal bronchoalveolar lavage and fine-needle aspiration of the lung. Microsatellite typing classified the extracted DNA as type II variant TgM-A. This case demonstrates that reactivation, leading to fulminant pneumonia, can be a sequela of immunosuppressive treatment in cats and should, therefore, be considered as a differential diagnosis in immunosuppressed cats with acute-onset respiratory signs. Rapid diagnosis may prevent fatal consequences.
是一种专性细胞内寄生虫，以猫科动物（包括家猫）作为终末宿主。在免疫功能正常的个体中，感染通常无症状。然而，在免疫抑制情况下，它可能产生严重的病理影响，这往往是慢性感染重新激活所致。在本病例研究中，一只21个月大的雌性家养短毛猫，三个月前被诊断为原发性免疫介导性溶血性贫血，并接受环孢素和泼尼松龙治疗，出现急性呼吸急促、呼吸困难、腹泻和厌食症状。胸部X光检查提示严重肺炎。对 属、 属、 属和肺线虫感染的检测均为阴性。 的血清学检测显示IgG发生血清转化，但IgM未发生血清转化，表明既往接触过 。这只猫在三天内保持稳定但呼吸急促，随后急性发作呼吸困难且临床状况恶化，之后选择实施安乐死。尸检经气管支气管肺泡灌洗和肺细针穿刺发现大量原生动物。微卫星分型将提取的DNA分类为II型变体TgM-A。本病例表明， 重新激活导致暴发性肺炎，可能是猫免疫抑制治疗的后遗症，因此，在出现急性呼吸道症状的免疫抑制猫中应将其视为鉴别诊断。快速诊断可能预防致命后果。
