Huang Jianzhi, Sheng Yueyun, Xue Pengfei, Yu Donghui, Guan Peng, Ren Jiangang, Qian Wenxi
College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China.
Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry Science & Technology, Xinjiang Production & Construction Group, Alar 843300, China.
Microorganisms. 2024 Jan 20;12(1):216. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12010216.
The rumen is divided into multiple rumen sacs based on anatomical structure, and each has its unique physiological environment. Tarim wapiti preserved roughage tolerance after domestication, and adaptation to the desertified environment led to the development of a unique rumen shape and intraruminal environment. In this work, six Tarim wapiti were chosen and tested for fermentation parameters, microbes, and histomorphology in four rumen areas (Dorsal sac, DS; Ventral sac, VS; Caudodorsal blind sac, CDBS; Caudoventral blind sac, CVBS). Tarim wapiti's rumen blind sac had better developed rumen histomorphology, the ventral sac was richer in VFAs, and the dominant bacteria varied most notably in the phylum , which was enriched in the caudoventral blind sac. The ventral sac biomarkers focused on carbohydrate fermentation-associated bacteria, the dorsal sac focused on N recycling, and the caudoventral blind sac identified the only phylum-level bacterium, ; we were surprised to find a probiotic bacterium, , identified as a biomarker in the ventral sac. This research provides a better understanding of rumen fermentation parameters, microorganisms, and histomorphology in the Tarim wapiti rumen within a unique ecological habitat, laying the groundwork for future regulation targeting the rumen microbiota and subsequent animal production improvement.
根据解剖结构，瘤胃被分为多个瘤胃囊，每个瘤胃囊都有其独特的生理环境。塔里木马鹿驯化后保留了对粗饲料的耐受性，并且对荒漠化环境的适应导致了独特的瘤胃形状和瘤胃内环境的形成。在这项研究中，选取了6只塔里木马鹿，对其四个瘤胃区域（背囊，DS；腹囊，VS；尾背盲囊，CDBS；尾腹盲囊，CVBS）的发酵参数、微生物和组织形态学进行了检测。塔里木马鹿的瘤胃盲囊具有更发达的瘤胃组织形态，腹囊中挥发性脂肪酸更丰富，优势细菌在门水平上变化最为显著，在尾腹盲囊中富集。腹囊的生物标志物集中在与碳水化合物发酵相关的细菌上，背囊集中在氮循环上，尾腹盲囊鉴定出唯一的门水平细菌；我们惊讶地发现一种益生菌，在腹囊中被鉴定为生物标志物。这项研究有助于更好地了解塔里木马鹿在独特生态栖息地中瘤胃的发酵参数、微生物和组织形态，为未来针对瘤胃微生物群的调控以及随后的动物生产性能改善奠定基础。
