Lu Mu-Long, Yuan Guo-Hong, Li Chang-Chang, Hu Li-Hong, Feng Xin-Wei, Jiang Hui, Liu Li-Lin, Rehemujiang Halidai, Xu Gui-Shan
College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China.
Key Laboratory of Livestock and Forage Resources Utilization Around Tarim, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Nov 26;14(23):3416. doi: 10.3390/ani14233416.
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of spent mushroom substrate (P.SMS), which is characterized by high production but low utilization, on feed utilization and liver serum indices from the perspective of duodenal microorganisms. Forty-five 3-month-old Hu sheep were randomly assigned to five groups and fed diets in which whole-plant corn silage (WPCS) was substituted with P.SMS at levels of 0% (Con), 5% (PSMS5), 10% (PSMS10), 15% (PSMS15), or 20% (PSMS20). The results indicated that the addition of P.SMS complexly influenced the apparent digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein, with PSMS10 showing the highest digestibility of these nutrients. P.SMS inclusion significantly affected serum alanine aminotransferase levels, with PSMS5 showing higher levels than both the Con and PSMS20 groups ( < 0.05). Importantly, the inclusion of P.SMS did not affect the richness and diversity of duodenal microorganisms. Significant differences in the phyla Verrucomicrobiota and Spirochaetota were observed between the Con and PSMS20 groups. The observed trend towards an increase in the genus ( = 0.057) suggests that P.SMS is susceptible to contamination by this genus, which in turn affects the structure of the intestinal flora. Furthermore, functional gene predictions indicated differences in amino acid metabolism among the groups ( < 0.05). In conclusion, feeding with 10% P.SMS resulted in the highest digestibility without adversely affecting the structure of the duodenal community or liver function.
本研究旨在从十二指肠微生物的角度评估产量高但利用率低的废菌棒（P.SMS）对饲料利用率和肝脏血清指标的影响。将45只3月龄的湖羊随机分为五组，分别饲喂用P.SMS替代全株玉米青贮（WPCS）水平为0%（对照）、5%（PSMS5）、10%（PSMS10）、15%（PSMS15）或20%（PSMS20）的日粮。结果表明，添加P.SMS对干物质、有机物和粗蛋白的表观消化率有复杂影响，其中PSMS10组这些养分的消化率最高。添加P.SMS显著影响血清谷丙转氨酶水平，PSMS5组的水平高于对照组和PSMS20组（<0.05）。重要的是，添加P.SMS不影响十二指肠微生物的丰富度和多样性。在对照组和PSMS20组之间观察到疣微菌门和螺旋体门存在显著差异。观察到的某属增加趋势（=0.057）表明P.SMS易受该属污染，进而影响肠道菌群结构。此外，功能基因预测表明各组之间氨基酸代谢存在差异（<0.05）。总之，饲喂10%的P.SMS可获得最高消化率，且不会对十二指肠群落结构或肝功能产生不利影响。
