Sudarsky L, Simon S
Arch Neurol. 1987 Mar;44(3):263-7. doi: 10.1001/archneur.1987.00520150019012.
Computerized analysis of gait was performed in six patients with hydrocephalus (mean age, 75.7 years), for comparison with other elderly patients with gait problems and age-matched controls. A decrease in velocity and stride, an increase in sway, and the proportion of time spent in double-limb stance were nonspecific features correlated with declining performance. Certain features appeared to characterize hydrocephalic gait when compared among groups; cadence was diminished, and there was a reduction of step height and a decreased counterrotation of the shoulders relative to the pelvis. An abnormal tendency toward cocontraction in antagonist muscle groups was observed in electromyographic data from the leg muscles, suggesting that the normal phased activation of muscle groups is disturbed. Although data are not conclusive, we believe that the gait disorder in normal-pressure hydrocephalus reflects a subcortical motor control disorder rather than a phenomenon of spasticity or apraxia.
对6例脑积水患者（平均年龄75.7岁）进行了步态的计算机分析，以与其他有步态问题的老年患者及年龄匹配的对照组进行比较。速度和步幅降低、摇摆增加以及双下肢支撑期所占时间比例增加是与功能下降相关的非特异性特征。在组间比较时，某些特征似乎是脑积水步态的特征；步频降低，步高减小，肩部相对于骨盆的反向旋转减少。在腿部肌肉的肌电图数据中观察到拮抗肌群协同收缩的异常倾向，提示肌肉群的正常阶段性激活受到干扰。尽管数据尚无定论，但我们认为正常压力脑积水的步态障碍反映的是皮质下运动控制障碍，而非痉挛或失用现象。
