Rao Alka, Driessen Arnold J M
Department of Molecular Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Extremophiles. 2024 Jan 27;28(1):14. doi: 10.1007/s00792-023-01330-2.
The enzymology of the key steps in the archaeal phospholipid biosynthetic pathway has been elucidated in recent years. In contrast, the complete biosynthetic pathways for proposed membrane regulators consisting of polyterpenes, such as carotenoids, respiratory quinones, and polyprenols remain unknown. Notably, the multiplicity of geranylgeranyl reductases (GGRs) in archaeal genomes has been correlated with the saturation of polyterpenes. Although GGRs, which are responsible for saturation of the isoprene chains of phospholipids, have been identified and studied in detail, there is little information regarding the structure and function of the paralogs. Here, we discuss the diversity of archaeal membrane-associated polyterpenes which is correlated with the genomic loci, structural and sequence-based analyses of GGR paralogs.
近年来，古菌磷脂生物合成途径关键步骤的酶学已得到阐明。相比之下，由多萜类化合物（如类胡萝卜素、呼吸醌和聚戊烯醇）构成的假定膜调节剂的完整生物合成途径仍不为人知。值得注意的是，古菌基因组中香叶基香叶基还原酶（GGRs）的多样性与多萜类化合物的饱和度相关。尽管负责磷脂异戊二烯链饱和度的GGRs已被鉴定并详细研究，但关于这些旁系同源物的结构和功能的信息却很少。在此，我们讨论了与GGR旁系同源物的基因组位点、基于结构和序列的分析相关的古菌膜相关多萜类化合物的多样性。
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