Bertini Christopher D, Khawaja Fareed, Sheshadri Ajay
Department of Internal Medicine, UTHealth Houston McGovern Medical School, 6431 Fannin, MSB 1.150, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1469, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2024 Mar;38(1):213-228. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2023.12.007.
Immunocompromised hosts, which encompass a diverse population of persons with malignancies, human immunodeficiency virus disease, solid organ, and hematologic transplants, autoimmune diseases, and primary immunodeficiencies, bear a significant burden of the morbidity and mortality due to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Immunocompromised patients who develop COVID-19 have a more severe illness, higher hospitalization rates, and higher mortality rates than immunocompetent patients. There are no well-defined treatment strategies that are specific to immunocompromised patients and vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and convalescent plasma are variably effective. This review focuses on the specific impact of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients and the gaps in knowledge that require further study.
免疫功能低下宿主包括患有恶性肿瘤、人类免疫缺陷病毒病、实体器官和血液移植、自身免疫性疾病以及原发性免疫缺陷的各类人群,他们承受着2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)所致发病和死亡的重大负担。与免疫功能正常的患者相比,感染COVID-19的免疫功能低下患者病情更严重,住院率更高,死亡率也更高。目前尚无针对免疫功能低下患者的明确治疗策略,疫苗、单克隆抗体和康复期血浆的效果各不相同。本综述重点关注COVID-19对免疫功能低下患者的具体影响以及需要进一步研究的知识空白。