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新型冠状病毒病在免疫功能低下宿主中的研究进展

Coronavirus Disease-2019 in the Immunocompromised Host.

机构信息

Department of Internal Medicine, UTHealth Houston McGovern Medical School, 6431 Fannin, MSB 1.150, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 1469, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

出版信息

Clin Chest Med. 2023 Jun;44(2):395-406. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2022.11.012. Epub 2022 Nov 22.

Abstract

Immunocompromised hosts, which encompass a diverse population of persons with malignancies, human immunodeficiency virus disease, solid organ, and hematologic transplants, autoimmune diseases, and primary immunodeficiencies, bear a significant burden of the morbidity and mortality due to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Immunocompromised patients who develop COVID-19 have a more severe illness, higher hospitalization rates, and higher mortality rates than immunocompetent patients. There are no well-defined treatment strategies that are specific to immunocompromised patients and vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and convalescent plasma are variably effective. This review focuses on the specific impact of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients and the gaps in knowledge that require further study.

摘要

免疫功能低下的宿主包括患有恶性肿瘤、人类免疫缺陷病毒疾病、实体器官和血液系统移植、自身免疫性疾病和原发性免疫缺陷的人群,他们承担着由 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)引起的发病率和死亡率的重大负担。患有 COVID-19 的免疫功能低下患者比免疫功能正常的患者病情更严重,住院率和死亡率更高。目前还没有专门针对免疫功能低下患者的明确治疗策略,疫苗、单克隆抗体和恢复期血浆的效果也各不相同。这篇综述重点关注 COVID-19 对免疫功能低下患者的具体影响以及需要进一步研究的知识空白。

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