Atlantic Health System/Morristown Medical Center, Department of Cardiology, 111 Madison Avenue, Suite 301, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
Card Electrophysiol Clin. 2024 Mar;16(1):107-115. doi: 10.1016/j.ccep.2023.09.011.
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium secondary to infectious and noninfectious insults. The most feared consequence of myocarditis is sudden cardiac death owing to electrical instability and arrhythmia. Typical presenting symptoms include chest pain, dyspnea, palpitations and/or heart failure. Diagnosis is usually made with history, electrocardiogram, biomarkers, echocardiogram, and cardiac MRI (CMR). Application of the Lake Louise criteria to CMR results can help identify cases of myocarditis. Treatment is usually supportive with medical therapy, and patients are recommended to abstain from exercise for 3 to 6 months. Exercise restrictions may be lifted after normalization on follow-up testing.
心肌炎是一种由感染和非感染性因素引起的心肌炎症性疾病。心肌炎最可怕的后果是由于电不稳定性和心律失常导致的心脏性猝死。典型的表现症状包括胸痛、呼吸困难、心悸和/或心力衰竭。诊断通常通过病史、心电图、生物标志物、超声心动图和心脏磁共振（CMR）来进行。应用 Lake Louise 标准对 CMR 结果进行分析有助于确定心肌炎病例。治疗通常采用支持性的药物治疗，建议患者在 3 至 6 个月内避免运动。在后续检查中恢复正常后，可以解除运动限制。
