探寻医患与人工智能的关系——一项关于基层医疗中医师对人工智能态度的混合方法研究
Navigating the doctor-patient-AI relationship - a mixed-methods study of physician attitudes toward artificial intelligence in primary care.
作者信息
Allen Matthew R, Webb Sophie, Mandvi Ammar, Frieden Marshall, Tai-Seale Ming, Kallenberg Gene
机构信息
Department of Family Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
出版信息
BMC Prim Care. 2024 Jan 27;25(1):42. doi: 10.1186/s12875-024-02282-y.
BACKGROUND
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly advancing field that is beginning to enter the practice of medicine. Primary care is a cornerstone of medicine and deals with challenges such as physician shortage and burnout which impact patient care. AI and its application via digital health is increasingly presented as a possible solution. However, there is a scarcity of research focusing on primary care physician (PCP) attitudes toward AI. This study examines PCP views on AI in primary care. We explore its potential impact on topics pertinent to primary care such as the doctor-patient relationship and clinical workflow. By doing so, we aim to inform primary care stakeholders to encourage successful, equitable uptake of future AI tools. Our study is the first to our knowledge to explore PCP attitudes using specific primary care AI use cases rather than discussing AI in medicine in general terms.
METHODS
From June to August 2023, we conducted a survey among 47 primary care physicians affiliated with a large academic health system in Southern California. The survey quantified attitudes toward AI in general as well as concerning two specific AI use cases. Additionally, we conducted interviews with 15 survey respondents.
RESULTS
Our findings suggest that PCPs have largely positive views of AI. However, attitudes often hinged on the context of adoption. While some concerns reported by PCPs regarding AI in primary care focused on technology (accuracy, safety, bias), many focused on people-and-process factors (workflow, equity, reimbursement, doctor-patient relationship).
CONCLUSION
Our study offers nuanced insights into PCP attitudes towards AI in primary care and highlights the need for primary care stakeholder alignment on key issues raised by PCPs. AI initiatives that fail to address both the technological and people-and-process concerns raised by PCPs may struggle to make an impact.
背景
人工智能（AI）是一个快速发展的领域，正开始进入医学实践。初级保健是医学的基石，面临着诸如医生短缺和职业倦怠等影响患者护理的挑战。人工智能及其通过数字健康的应用越来越被视为一种可能的解决方案。然而，针对初级保健医生（PCP）对人工智能态度的研究却很匮乏。本研究考察了初级保健医生对初级保健中人工智能的看法。我们探讨了其对与初级保健相关主题的潜在影响，如医患关系和临床工作流程。通过这样做，我们旨在为初级保健利益相关者提供信息，以鼓励成功、公平地采用未来的人工智能工具。据我们所知，我们的研究是首次使用特定的初级保健人工智能用例来探讨初级保健医生的态度，而不是泛泛地讨论医学中的人工智能。
方法
2023年6月至8月，我们对南加州一个大型学术健康系统附属的47名初级保健医生进行了一项调查。该调查量化了对人工智能的总体态度以及对两个特定人工智能用例的态度。此外，我们对15名调查受访者进行了访谈。
结果
我们的研究结果表明，初级保健医生对人工智能大多持积极看法。然而，态度往往取决于采用的背景。虽然初级保健医生对初级保健中人工智能报告的一些担忧集中在技术方面（准确性、安全性、偏差），但许多担忧集中在人员和流程因素（工作流程、公平性、报销、医患关系）上。
结论
我们的研究对初级保健医生对初级保健中人工智能的态度提供了细致入微的见解，并强调了初级保健利益相关者就初级保健医生提出的关键问题达成一致的必要性。未能解决初级保健医生提出的技术以及人员和流程问题的人工智能计划可能难以产生影响。
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