Harcęko-Zielińska Ewelina, Niedoszytko Marek, Górska Aleksandra, Małgorzewicz Sylwia, Gruchała-Niedoszytko Marta, Bronk Marek, Dąbrowski Slawomir, Chełminska Marta, Jassem Ewa
Department of Allergology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
Clin Transl Allergy. 2024 Jan;14(1):e12310. doi: 10.1002/clt2.12310.
Mastocytosis is a rare neoplastic disease of the bone marrow associated with the proliferation and accumulation of mast cells in various internal organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. There are few studies describing the gut microbiome of patients with mastocytosis using next generation sequencing supported using traditional culture methods. The aims of the study were, firstly, the determination of nutrition habits, composition of the intestinal microflora and BMI in mastocytosis, and secondly, analysis of mastocytosis severity and symptoms depending on the composition of the intestinal microflora.
The study included 47 patients with indolent systemic mastocytosis and 18 healthy controls. All participants gave their informed consent to participate in the study. The study consisted of 3 parts: I-clinical assessment, II - examination of the intestinal microflora using the biochemical method, III - 16S rRNA sequencing.
The nutrition habits and BMI of mastocytosis patients were similar to controls; however, most patients with mastocytosis had a low dietary vitamin and mineral content. As many as 94.5% of patients had too little fiber intake and mineral content. The most common cause of the abnormal stool test result with traditional culture was a titer of E. coli <10 . The low richness of microbiota species indicated by the Simpson index was observed in mastocytosis, p = 0.04. There were no significant differences in the composition of the intestinal microflora depending on the type of mastocytosis; however, the tryptase level correlated with the amount of Suterella, Barnesiellaceae, Eubacterium, Odoribacter, and Anaerostipes.
The nutritional habits and BMI of mastocytosis patients are similar to the general population, except for too little fiber intake and mineral content. The gastrointestinal symptoms of mastocytosis patients may be related to the low richness of microbiota species and the amount of Suterella, Barnesiellaceae, Eubacterium, Odoribacter, Anaerostipes, which correlated with tryptase levels.
肥大细胞增多症是一种罕见的骨髓肿瘤性疾病，与肥大细胞在包括胃肠道在内的各种内脏器官中的增殖和积聚有关。很少有研究使用下一代测序并结合传统培养方法来描述肥大细胞增多症患者的肠道微生物群。本研究的目的，一是确定肥大细胞增多症患者的营养习惯、肠道微生物群组成和体重指数（BMI），二是根据肠道微生物群组成分析肥大细胞增多症的严重程度和症状。
本研究纳入了47例惰性系统性肥大细胞增多症患者和18名健康对照者。所有参与者均签署了参与本研究的知情同意书。本研究包括3个部分：I - 临床评估；II - 使用生化方法检查肠道微生物群；III - 16S rRNA测序。
肥大细胞增多症患者的营养习惯和BMI与对照组相似；然而，大多数肥大细胞增多症患者的饮食中维生素和矿物质含量较低。多达94.5%的患者纤维摄入量和矿物质含量过少。传统培养法粪便检测结果异常最常见的原因是大肠杆菌滴度<10 。肥大细胞增多症患者中观察到辛普森指数所表明的微生物物种丰富度较低，p = 0.04。根据肥大细胞增多症的类型，肠道微生物群组成没有显著差异；然而，类胰蛋白酶水平与萨特氏菌属、巴内西氏菌科、真杆菌属、气味杆菌属和厌氧棒菌属的数量相关。
肥大细胞增多症患者的营养习惯和BMI与一般人群相似，只是纤维摄入量和矿物质含量过少。肥大细胞增多症患者的胃肠道症状可能与微生物物种丰富度较低以及与类胰蛋白酶水平相关的萨特氏菌属、巴内西氏菌科、真杆菌属、气味杆菌属、厌氧棒菌属的数量有关。
