Plan pedestrian friendly environments around subway stations: lessons from Shanghai, China.

This research investigated pedestrians' route directness, waiting time and satisfaction around subway stations in Shanghai, China. Twelve stations were selected from three different zones of the city. Six hundred questionnaires on people's walking activities were collected. Results showed stations in the old city-centre had the best pedestrian route directness value and lowest waiting time followed by stations in the mid-ring and outer suburbs. Mid-ring stations had the best overall pedestrian satisfaction followed by stations in the old city centre and outer suburbs, which indicated there were other factors affecting pedestrians' overall satisfaction other than walking directness and waiting time.