New genetic biomarkers predicting 5-aminosalicylate-induced adverse events in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.

BACKGROUND

Notably, 5-aminosalicylates (5-ASA) are vital in treating inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). The adverse events of 5-ASA rarely occur but they could be fatal.

OBJECTIVES

We aimed to discover new genetic biomarkers predicting 5-ASA-induced adverse events in patients with IBD.

DESIGN

This was a retrospective observational study.

METHODS

We performed a genome-wide association study on patients with IBD in South Korea. We defined subset 1 as 39 all adverse events and 272 controls; subset 2 as 20 severe adverse events and 291 controls (mild adverse events and control); subset 3 as 20 severe adverse events and 272 controls; and subset 4 as 19 mild adverse events and 272 controls. Logistic regression analysis was performed and commonly found associated genes were determined as candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms predicting 5-ASA adverse events.

RESULTS

Patients with Crohn's disease (CD) were significantly negatively associated with the development of adverse events compared to patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) (5.3% 22.9%). However, sex and age at diagnosis were unassociated with the adverse events of 5-ASA. rs13898676 [odds ratio (OR), 20.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 5.69-72.67;  = 3.57 × e], rs12681590 (OR, 7.35; 95% CI, 2.85-19.00;  = 3.78 × e), rs10967320 (OR, 4.51; 95% CI, 2.18-9.31;  = 4.72 × e), and rs78726924 (OR, 3.54; 95% CI, 1.69-7.40;  = 7.96 × e) were genetic biomarkers predicting 5-ASA-induced severe adverse events in patients with IBD.

CONCLUSION

The adverse events of 5-ASA were more common in patients with UC than those with CD in our study. We found that novel rs13898676 nearby was the most significant genetic locus contributing to 5-ASA's adverse event risk.