Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16015-050, SP, Brazil.
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Dent. 2024 Apr;143:104867. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104867. Epub 2024 Jan 28.
This study aimed to evaluate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) obtained by a 'green' route associated or not to tyrosol (TYR) against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans in planktonic and biofilms states.
AgNPs were obtained by a 'green' route using pomegranate extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against S. mutans and C. albicans was determined for AgNPs and TYR combined and alone, and fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was calculated. Single biofilms of C. albicans and S. mutans were cultivated for 24 h and then treated with drugs alone or in combination for 24 h.
AgNPs and TYR were effective against C. albicans and S. mutans considering planktonic cells alone and combined. The MIC values obtained for C. albicans was 312.5 µg/mL (AgNPs) and 50 mM (TYR) and for S. mutans was 78.1 µg/mL (AgNPs) and 90 mM (TYR). The combination of these antimicrobial agents was also effective against both microorganisms: 2.44 µg/mL/0.08 mM (AgNPs/TYR) for C. albicans and 39.05 µg/mL /1.25 mM (AgNPs/TYR) for S. mutans. However, synergism was observed only for C. albicans (FICI 0.008). When biofilm was evaluated, a reduction of 4.62 log was observed for S. mutans biofilm cells treated with AgNPs (p < 0.05, Tukey test). However, the addition of TYR to AgNPs did not improve their action against biofilm cells (p > 0.05). AgNPs combined with TYR demonstrated a synergistic effect against C. albicans biofilms.
These findings suggest the potential use of AgNPs with or without TYR against C. albicans and S. mutans, important oral pathogens.
AgNPs obtained by a 'green' route combined or not with TYR can be an alternative to develop several types of oral antimicrobial therapies and biomaterials.
本研究旨在评估通过“绿色”途径获得的载有或不载酪氨酸（TYR）的银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）对浮游和生物膜状态下变异链球菌和白色念珠菌的作用。
使用石榴提取物通过“绿色”途径获得 AgNPs。测定 AgNPs 及 TYR 单独和联合使用对变异链球菌和白色念珠菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC），并计算部分抑菌浓度指数（FICI）。单独培养白色念珠菌和变异链球菌的单生物膜 24 h，然后单独或联合用药 24 h 进行处理。
仅考虑浮游细胞，AgNPs 和 TYR 对白色念珠菌和变异链球菌均有效。白色念珠菌的 MIC 值为 312.5 µg/mL（AgNPs）和 50 mM（TYR），变异链球菌的 MIC 值为 78.1 µg/mL（AgNPs）和 90 mM（TYR）。这些抗菌剂的联合使用也对两种微生物有效：白色念珠菌为 2.44 µg/mL/0.08 mM（AgNPs/TYR），变异链球菌为 39.05 µg/mL/1.25 mM（AgNPs/TYR）。然而，仅观察到白色念珠菌存在协同作用（FICI 0.008）。当评估生物膜时，AgNPs 处理的变异链球菌生物膜细胞减少了 4.62 log（p < 0.05，Tukey 检验）。然而，将 TYR 添加到 AgNPs 中并不能改善其对生物膜细胞的作用（p > 0.05）。AgNPs 与 TYR 联合对白色念珠菌生物膜表现出协同作用。
这些发现提示了使用 AgNPs 联合或不联合 TYR 治疗白色念珠菌和变异链球菌（两种重要的口腔病原体）的潜在用途。
通过“绿色”途径获得的载有或不载 TYR 的 AgNPs 可作为开发多种类型口腔抗菌治疗和生物材料的替代方法。
