Lini Renata Sano, Scanferla Deborah Thais Palma, de Oliveira Nadya Garcia, Aguera Raul Gomes, Santos Thais da Silva, Teixeira Jorge Juarez Vieira, Kaneshima Alice Maria de Souza, Mossini Simone Aparecida Galerani
Department of Health Basic Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biosciences and Physiopathology, State University of Maringá, Maringa, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Biosciences and Physiopathology, State University of Maringa, Maringa, Brazil.
Crit Rev Toxicol. 2024 Jan;54(1):35-54. doi: 10.1080/10408444.2024.2303481. Epub 2024 Jan 30.
Although studies show that pesticides, especially insecticides, may be toxic to humans, publications on the neurological effects of fungicides are scarce. As fungicides are used widely in Brazil, it is necessary to gather evidence to support actions aimed at safely using of these chemicals. We investigated through a systematic review of publications on the use of fungicides and consequences of exposure related to nervous system diseases or neurological disorders in humans. The protocol review was registered on PROSPERO and followed the guidelines of the PRISMA-Statement. As far as it is known, there is no apparent systematic review in the literature on this topic. The search was comprised of the following databases: PubMed; Web of Science; Scopus and EMBASE, using groups of Mesh terms and strategies specific to each database. Thirteen articles were selected for this review. Regarding the substances analyzed in the studies, some reported the use of fungicides in general, without separating them by type, while others summarized the categories of all pesticides by their function (insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, etc.) or chemical class (dithiocarbamate, dicarboximide, inorganic, etc.). However, most of the articles referred to fungicides that contain the metal manganese (Mn) in their composition. As for neurological disorders, articles addressed Parkinson's disease (PD), neurodevelopmental outcomes, extrapyramidal syndrome resembling PD, cognitive disorders, depression, neural tube defects, motor neurone disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Most investigations pointed to exposure to fungicides, mainly maneb and mancozeb, leading to the development of at least one neurological disease, which suggests the need for further multicentric clinical trials and prospective studies for greater clarity of the research problem.
尽管研究表明农药，尤其是杀虫剂，可能对人类有毒，但关于杀菌剂对神经系统影响的出版物却很少。由于杀菌剂在巴西广泛使用，有必要收集证据以支持旨在安全使用这些化学品的行动。我们通过系统回顾关于杀菌剂使用以及与人类神经系统疾病或神经障碍相关的接触后果的出版物进行了调查。方案审查已在PROSPERO上注册，并遵循PRISMA声明的指南。据我们所知，文献中尚无关于该主题的明显系统综述。检索包括以下数据库：PubMed、科学网、Scopus和EMBASE，使用了特定于每个数据库的医学主题词组和检索策略。本次综述共筛选出13篇文章。关于研究中分析的物质，一些报告了一般杀菌剂的使用情况，未按类型进行区分，而另一些则按功能（杀虫剂、除草剂、杀菌剂等）或化学类别（二硫代氨基甲酸盐、二甲酰亚胺、无机等）总结了所有农药的类别。然而，大多数文章提到的杀菌剂在其成分中含有金属锰（Mn）。至于神经障碍，文章涉及帕金森病（PD）、神经发育结局、类似PD的锥体外系综合征（EPS）、认知障碍、抑郁症、神经管缺陷、运动神经元病和肌萎缩侧索硬化症。大多数调查指出，接触杀菌剂，主要是代森锰锌和代森锰，会导致至少一种神经疾病的发生，这表明需要进一步开展多中心临床试验和前瞻性研究，以更清楚地阐明这一研究问题。
