Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
Department of Surgery (A), University Hospital Duesseldorf, Medical Faculty of Heinrich Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225, Duesseldorf, Germany.
J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2024 Jan 30;150(2):53. doi: 10.1007/s00432-023-05534-z.
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common form of anemia worldwide, resulting in a high burden of disease. Accumulating evidence suggests that IDA is associated with the development of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers.
Data from the IDA database (IQVIA) of primary care practices in Germany of adult patients first diagnosed with IDA between January 2005 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and compared with a 1:1 propensity score-adjusted cohort without IDA. Study outcomes were first stomach cancer or colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis up to 10 years after the index date as a function of IDA.
A total of 122,502 individuals with IDA and 122,502 individuals without IDA were included. The 10-year cumulative incidence of CRC was 1.4% in the IDA patients compared to 0.8% in the cohort without IDA (p < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed a significant association between IDA and subsequent CRC (HR 2.05; 95% CI 1.83-2.30). Stomach cancer was diagnosed in 0.3% of IDA patients compared to 0.2% in the non-IDA cohort during the 10-year follow-up period (p = 0.002). However, this was significant only in the age group > 80 years (HR 2.73; 95% CI 1.60-4.67) and in men (HR 1.90; 95% CI 1.38-2.61).
These findings add to the literature and suggest an association between IDA and GI cancers. The extent to which this association is due to GI bleeding or other pathophysiological processes that may be caused by IDA requires further investigation, particularly experimental studies.
缺铁性贫血（IDA）是全球最常见的贫血类型，导致疾病负担沉重。越来越多的证据表明，IDA 与胃肠道（GI）癌症的发展有关。
回顾性分析了 2005 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间德国初级保健诊所中首次被诊断为 IDA 的成年患者的 IDA 数据库（IQVIA）中的数据，并与无 IDA 的 1:1 倾向评分调整队列进行比较。研究结果是根据 IDA，从索引日期起 10 年内首次诊断为胃癌或结直肠癌（CRC）。
共纳入 122502 例 IDA 患者和 122502 例无 IDA 患者。IDA 患者的 10 年 CRC 累积发生率为 1.4%，而无 IDA 队列为 0.8%（p<0.001）。回归分析显示，IDA 与随后的 CRC 之间存在显著关联（HR 2.05；95%CI 1.83-2.30）。在 10 年的随访期间，IDA 患者中有 0.3%被诊断为胃癌，而无 IDA 队列中有 0.2%（p=0.002）。然而，这仅在年龄组>80 岁（HR 2.73；95%CI 1.60-4.67）和男性（HR 1.90；95%CI 1.38-2.61）中具有统计学意义。
这些发现增加了文献，并表明 IDA 与 GI 癌症之间存在关联。这种关联在多大程度上是由于 GI 出血或其他可能由 IDA 引起的病理生理过程引起的，需要进一步研究，特别是实验研究。
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