Li Ying, Zhang Weijie, Tang Chao, Wang Chen, Liu Changhui, Chen Qian, Yang Kai, Gu Yian, Lei Peng, Xu Hong, Wang Rui
College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
College of Food Science and Light Industry, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Mar;261(Pt 1):129809. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129809. Epub 2024 Jan 28.
Diabetes is one of the foremost chronic non-communicable diseases worldwide, which significantly impacts people's quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic effects of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) on STZ-induced type II diabetes mice and its potential mechanisms. The results indicated that γ-PGA intervention contributed to reducing fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic mice, regulating lipid metabolism in type II diabetes mice, and improving insulin resistance. Additionally, γ-PGA could alleviate liver inflammation, enhancing the activity of hepatic antioxidant enzymes. Investigation into the insulin signaling pathway revealed that γ-PGA significantly increased the expression of INSR, IRS-1, Akt, PI3K in diabetic mice, thereby enhancing insulin sensitivity and improving insulin resistance to regulate glucose metabolism. High-throughput sequencing of mouse gut microbiota using 16S rRNA showed that γ-PGA increased the abundance and evenness of beneficial bacteria in the intestines of type II diabetic mice, inhibited the growth of harmful bacteria, and may exerted hypoglycemic effects by modulating and improving relevant metabolic pathways associated with diabetes symptoms. This study provides new insights into the treatment of type II diabetes and highlights the significant potential of γ-PGA in treating type II diabetes.
糖尿病是全球最主要的慢性非传染性疾病之一，严重影响人们的生活质量。本研究旨在探讨γ-聚谷氨酸（γ-PGA）对链脲佐菌素诱导的II型糖尿病小鼠的降血糖作用及其潜在机制。结果表明，γ-PGA干预有助于降低糖尿病小鼠的空腹血糖水平，调节II型糖尿病小鼠的脂质代谢，并改善胰岛素抵抗。此外，γ-PGA可减轻肝脏炎症，增强肝脏抗氧化酶的活性。对胰岛素信号通路的研究表明，γ-PGA显著增加了糖尿病小鼠中胰岛素受体（INSR）、胰岛素受体底物-1（IRS-1）、蛋白激酶B（Akt）、磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶（PI3K）的表达，从而增强胰岛素敏感性，改善胰岛素抵抗以调节葡萄糖代谢。利用16S rRNA对小鼠肠道微生物群进行高通量测序显示，γ-PGA增加了II型糖尿病小鼠肠道中有益菌的丰度和均匀度，抑制了有害菌的生长，并可能通过调节和改善与糖尿病症状相关的代谢途径发挥降血糖作用。本研究为II型糖尿病的治疗提供了新的见解，并突出了γ-PGA在治疗II型糖尿病方面的巨大潜力。
